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- Frontline employee-driven change in hospitality firms: an analysis of receptionists’ personality on implemented suggestionsPublication . González-González, Tamara; García-Almeida, Desiderio J.; Viseu, J.Purpose Frontline employees' suggestions are relevant for employee-driven organisational change because their knowledge is partially constructed from direct contact with customers and indirectly with competitors. The employee's personality is a paramount individual characteristic that can exert a major potential influence on the proposal and implementation of those suggestions. This study aims to discuss the impact of the personality dimensions in the Big Five model (i.e. extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experience) on suggestions generated by frontline employees and implemented in their firms. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was prepared based on a review of the academic literature. The 5 presented hypotheses were tested with data from 167 frontline employees from hotels in Tenerife (Spain). Findings Results show the relevance of frontline employees' three characteristics of personality regarding the employee-driven organisational change. Thus, their extraversion, neuroticism and lack of direction tend to be relevant drivers of the suggestion and implementation of change. Practical implications Frontline employees act as change agents in hospitality firms. Managers should develop recruitment processes that allow to select individuals prone to proposing innovative suggestions and creating a friendlier system for submitting and defending them. Originality/value Employee-driven organisational change becomes crucial for the survival and growth of hospitality firms. Relatively few studies have been conducted on the role of frontline employees as change facilitators in the sector. This study contributes to shedding light on this research gap from a personality approach and the study also provides practical implications to increase valid suggestions in the hospitality sector.
- The influence of planning and response inhibition on cognitive functioning of Non-Psychotic unipolar depressed suicide attemptersPublication . Moniz, Marco; Jesus, Saul Neves de; Pacheco, Andreia; Gonçalves, Eduardo; Viseu, J.; Brás, Marta; Silva, Dina; Batista, SilviaDepression is one of the main risk factors for suicide. However, little is known about the intricate relationships among depressive symptomatology in unipolar depression, suicide risk, and the characteristics of executive dysfunction in depressed patients. We compared 20 non-psychotic unipolar depressed suicide attempters to 20 matching depressed non-attempters and to 20 healthy controls to further investigate the possible differences in neuropsychological performance. Depressed subjects were controlled for current suicidal ideation, and their neuropsychological profile was assessed using a range of measures of executive functioning, attention, verbal memory, processing speed, and psychomotor speed. Depressed groups were outperformed by healthy controls. Depressed attempters presented more cognitive impairment than depressed non-attempters on a simple Go/No-go response inhibition task and performed better than non-attempters on the Tower of London planning task. Depressed attempters were clearly distinguished by a deficit in response inhibition (Go/No-go commission errors). The normative planning performance (Tower of London extra moves) of the suicide attempters was unexpected, and this unanticipated finding calls for further research. Normative planning may indicate an increased risk of suicidal behavior.
- Job crafting and job performance: the mediating effect of engagementPublication . Moreira, Ana; Encarnação, Tiago; Viseu, J.; Sousa, Maria JoséThe main purpose of this study was to investigate whether work engagement mediates the relationship between job crafting and job performance. To this end, the following hypotheses were formulated: (1) job crafting establishes a positive and significant association with job performance; (2) job establishes a positive and significant association with work engagement; (3) work engagement establishes a positive and significant association with job performance; (4) work engagement mediates the association between job crafting and job performance. The sample was composed of 453 participants working in organisations based in Portugal. The hypotheses formulated in this study were tested by performing simple and multiple linear regressions. The results indicated that only increasing structural job resources and increasing challenging job demands established a positive and significant association with task performance. Increasing structural job resources, increasing social job resources, and increasing challenging job demands established a positive and significant association with citizenship performance and work engagement. Work engagement established a positive and significant association with task performance and citizenship performance. Only a partial mediating effect, through work engagement, was observed on the association between increasing challenging job demands and task performance, and between increasing social job resources and citizenship performance.
- Role of individual and organizational variables as predictors of job satisfaction among hotel employeesPublication . Viseu, J.; Patrícia Valle, Patrícia Oom do Valle; Borralha, Sergio; Jesus, SaúlJob satisfaction is a key concept in the organizational literature, as satisfied employees allow organizations to achieve desired work-related outcomes. Nevertheless, more research is needed to understand what organizational and individual variables shape the job satisfaction of employees from the hospitality sector. This study assesses the role of organizational variables (perceived organizational support and organizational health) and individual variables (positive psychological capital and creative personality) as possible determinants of job satisfaction. A total of 504 hotel employees from the Algarve region, the main Portuguese tourism destination, participated in this study. Structural equation modeling with latent variables was used to evaluate the proposed model. Results showed that perceived organizational support was the most important predictor of job satisfaction, followed by organizational health. Organizational health also predicted positive psychological capital, which, in turn, was significantly associated with job satisfaction. These results have important practical implications for human resources management in the hospitality industry.
- Um estudo sobre a reputação, satisfação e motivação em contexto organizacional: um caso do sector públicoPublication . Viseu, J.; Jesus, Saul Neves deEste estudo pretende averiguar qual o impacto que a percepção de reputação, na óptica do colaborador, tem na sua satisfação laboral e, por sua vez, qual a influência que esta tem na satisfação com a vida e motivação no trabalho. Com este intuito, foi recolhida uma amostra composta por 1082 colaboradores da Comboios de Portugal Entidade Pública Empresarial. Para concretização desta investigação, recorreu-se a uma metodologia de índole quantitativa utilizando-se um protocolo de investigação constituído por quatro escalas, destinadas a aferir, a percepção de reputação, a satisfação e motivação no trabalho, e a satisfação com a vida, bem como por um questionário demográfico. Os resultados obtidos, através do recurso ao programa de análise estatística SPSS, permitem-nos compreender que a percepção de reputação tem um impacto significativo na explicação da satisfação no trabalho (32.9%), e que esta influencia, de forma significativa, a satisfação com a vida (55.0%) e a motivação no trabalho (64.6%). Estes dados, podem ter influência ao nível das políticas organizacionais internas, dado que, indicam às organizações que a percepção de reputação dos seus colaboradores é, possivelmente, garantia de uma satisfação laboral positiva e que esta, afecta tanto a motivação laboral como a satisfação com a vida. Se estes conceitos forem correctamente conciliados, a imagem projectada para o exterior, público-alvo e comunidade, será positiva e isso poderá trazer um efeito benéfico ao nível do bottom-line (retorno financeiro).
- Exploring the role of personal and job resources in professional satisfaction: the case of the hotel sector in AlgarvePublication . Viseu, J.; Patrícia Valle, Patrícia Oom do Valle; Jesus, S. N.Purpose This study aims to follow the Job Demands-Resources model to understand how: job resources (organisational health and organisational support) were related to work engagement through intrinsic motivation (personal resource); and intrinsic motivation was associated with job satisfaction through work engagement. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 504 workers (50% women and 50% men; M = 39.48 years old, SD = 11.98) at four- and five-star hotels from the Algarve, Portugal. Through structural equation modelling, using the maximum likelihood estimation method, nine research hypotheses were tested. Findings Results indicated that intrinsic motivation mediated the relationship between organisational health and work engagement. Work engagement mediated the association between intrinsic motivation and job satisfaction. Practical implications Hotel managers must promote a supportive work environment and demonstrate openness to receiving suggestions from employees. Employees should also be informed about their hotel's business model and operation. At the task design level, challenging and stimulating tasks should be created and job rotation policies should be implemented to foster work motivation. Also, managers must recruit employees that present positive emotions, proactivity and stress and time management skills. Originality/value This study considered the role of organisational health as a job resource, a new concept in hospitality. The selected personal resource, intrinsic motivation, is different from positive psychological capital, the typical resource used in hospitality studies.
- Social support as a moderator of the relationship between financial threat and life satisfactionPublication . Matavelli, Rafaela; Jesus, Saúl; Patrícia Valle, Patrícia Oom do Valle; Viseu, J.h Financial crises often lead to an increase of pathological symptoms which have a negative impact on life satisfaction. This study analysed the moderating role of social support on the relationship between perceived financial threat and life satisfaction, during austerity periods. Structural equation modelling (SEM) using multiple-group analysis was used to assess the obtained results. The collected sample was composed by 901 Portuguese individuals, 603 females and 298 males, with an average age of 37 years old. Overall, results indicated a model in which perceived financial threat and social support were negatively and positively associated with life satisfaction, respectively. The moderating effect of social support revealed that in the group with the highest level of support there was a significant decrease in the association between perceived financial threat and life satisfaction, i.e., social support mitigated the negative effects of perceived financial threat on life satisfaction. The implications of these results are discussed.
- Coping as a moderator of the influence of economic stressors on psychological healthPublication . Neves de Jesus, Saul; Leal, Ana Rita; Viseu, J.; Matavelli, Rafaela Dias; Pereira, Joana; Greenglass, Esther; Pinto, PatríciaSince 2008, there has been a decline in the economy of several European countries, including Portugal. In the literature, it is emphasized that periods of economic uncertainty propitiate the appearance of mental health problems and diminish populations? well-being. The aim of the present study, with 729 Portuguese participants, 33.9% (n=247) males and 66.1% (n=482) females with an average age of 37 years old (M=36.99; SD=12.81), was to examine the relationship between economic hardship, financial threat, and financial well-being (i.e., economic stressors) and stress, anxiety, and depression (i.e., psychological health indicators), as well as to test the moderation effect of coping in the aforementioned relationship. To achieve these goals, a cross-sectional design was implemented and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the obtained data. Our results underline that coping affects the relationship between economic stressors and psychological health since subjects with lower coping levels are more vulnerable to economic stress factors than those with higher coping levels. The moderation effect was more evident in the relationships between economic hardship and stress, anxiety, and depression. The main implications of this study are presented, as well as its? limitations and suggestions for future research.
- Relationship BetweenTeacher Motivation and Organizational Variables: ALiterature ReviewPublication . Viseu, J.; Jesus, Saúl; Rus, Claudia; Canavarro, Jos? Manuel; Pereira, JoanaAbstract Teacher motivation plays a central role in education because ofitsimpacton student motivation. Previous reviews of teacher motivation have focused on individual variables and psychopathology indicators. However, it is also important to understand the effect of organizational variableson teacher motivationbecause these highlightthe contextthat the teacher is a part of(i.e.,the school). The literature review in this paper analysed studies related to teacher motivation and a pre-defined group of organizational variablesthat werepublished between 1990 and 2014 in several electronic databases.The study found that organizational culture was the most studied variable associated with teacher motivationand most studies in this area were published between 2010 and 2014.Further,there was a prevalence of quantitative studies. This paper concludes with the theoreticaland practical implications of the results,as well assuggestions for future research directions.
- A motivação profissional dos docentes do Ensino Básico e Secundário: a influência de variáveis organizacionais, individuais e pertencentes à interface sujeito-organizaçãoPublication . Viseu, J.; Jesus, Saul; Rus, Claudia Lenuta; Canavarro, José Manuel de Albuquerque PontacarreroA motivação no trabalho tem-se assumido como uma pedra basilar para o alcance do sucesso organizacional em vários setores de atividade. No setor da educação tem-se dado grande ênfase à motivação docente, dado que professores motivados têm um impacto positivo na motivação dos alunos, ministram um ensino de qualidade, promovem o bem-estar na sala de aula e estão disponíveis para participar na conceção de implementação de reformas educativas. No entanto, este tema tem uma natureza complexa e multifacetada, sendo que grande parte da investigação efetuada sobre ele se tem focado no impacto dos fatores de mal-estar (e.g., ansiedade, burnout, depressão e stresse) na motivação dos professores. Ou seja, os estudos realizados têm apresentado predominantemente um cariz individual e estão ligados à psicopatologia. Assim, podemos verificar que não existe uma visão organizacional para o estudo deste tema. Contudo, as escolas são, na sua essência, organizações e, como tal, é crucial perceber como as dinâmicas organizacionais influenciam a motivação destes profissionais. Além disso, também não tem havido a preocupação em utilizar variáveis ligadas à psicologia positiva como forma de fomentar a motivação dos docentes. Deste modo, através da recolha de uma amostra composta por 1129 professores do Ensino Básico e Secundário, foram realizados um conjunto de estudos que procuraram analisar a relação entre a motivação docente, medida através do commitment organizacional, do engagement no trabalho, da motivação intrínseca e da intenção de permanecer, e um conjunto de variáveis organizacionais (clima organizacional, cultura organizacional e saúde organizacional), pertencentes à interface sujeito-organização (avaliação de desempenho, justiça organizacional e satisfação no trabalho) e individuais (capital psicológico positivo). Os estudos efetuados procuraram compreender os mecanismos, diretos e indiretos, existentes entre estas variáveis e possibilitaram a elaboração de um conjunto de propostas destinadas a promover a motivação dos docentes portugueses.