Kalinichenko, OlenaAmado, CarlaSantos, Sérgio Pereira dos2014-06-182014-06-182013-06AUT: SSA00141; CAM00958;http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/4392In this paper we explore the potential use of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for enhancing pay-for-performance (P4P) in health care provision. Firstly, based on the literature review, we reflect on the state of the art in the P4P design, focusing on some of the controversial issues in the literature and discussing the potential contribution of DEA to addressing these issues. Secondly, we analyse the P4P programme applied to Portuguese Family Health Units (FHUs) to conclude about the possible use of DEA for its improvement.engPerformance realted pay regimeData envelopment analysisPrimary health careconference object