Baycan, TüzinPinto, Hugo2026-01-172026-01-1720189781786432186http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/28130The concept of resilience has gained particular relevance to the understanding of socio-economic systems since its expansion in ecology studies. It has been widely used in a variety of areas centered around flexible adaptation, usually in a socio-economic or ecological environment where risk, uncertainty, unpredictability and turbulence are recurrent. The history of resilience as a concept is closely related to the emergence of system’s approach and new ecological ideas in the late 1960s (Davoudi et al., 2012). At that time, a new awareness of environmental degradation was translated into social movements and turmoil that questioned industrial paradigms and Western egemony. The neoclassical economic principle that growth can exist without regard for resource limitations began to inspire concerns among both intellectuals and the general public. The most often cited resilience-framework, Holling’s resilience theory (Holling, 2010), was an explicit critique of the departure of 1970s industrial management practices from the idea that a system stabilizes around a single equilibrium.engbook part10.4337/9781786432193.00007