Costas, B.Aragão, C.Mancera, J. M.Dinis, Maria TeresaConceição, L. E. C.Refojos, B. C.2014-07-032014-07-032008Costas, B.; Aragão, C.; Mancera, J.M.; Dinis, M.T.; Conceição, L.E.C.; Refojos, B.C.High stocking density induces crowding stress and affects amino acid metabolism in Senegalese sole Solea senegalensis (Kaup 1858) juveniles, Aquaculture Research, 39, 1, 1-9, 2008http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/4646Fish held at high stocking densities are generally exposed to chronic stress situations that impose severe energy demands and may predispose the ¢sh to infection. Senegalese sole Solea senegalensis (Kaup) juveniles (78.8 18.9 g body weight) were maintained at low (LSD; 4 kg m2 at the end of the experiment), medium (MSD; 9 kg m2 ) and high (HSD;14 kg m2 ) stocking densities during a period of 63 days. Although disease outbreaks were observed in ¢sh reared at HSD, growth and food consumption did not vary among di¡erent treatments. Results from plasma cortisol and free amino acids (FAAs) showed signi¢- cant di¡erences among di¡erent rearing densities pointing to HSD as stressful rearing condition.engAmino acidsStress responseCortisolSenegalese soleGlucoseDensityjournal article2014-07-03