Aguiar, Pedro N., Jr.Santoro, Ilka LopesTadokoro, HakaruLopes, Gilberto de LimaFilardi, Bruno AndrausOliveira, PedroCastelo-Branco, PedroMountzios, Giannisde Mello, Ramon Andrade2017-04-072017-04-072016-091750-743Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/9333Background: Recent studies with nivolumab (a monoclonal antibody against programmed cell death 1 [PD-1] receptor) have shown promise non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. Methods: To review available clinical trials data in order to assess nivolumab efficacy and the role of tumoral PDL-1 expression as a biomarker. Results: Nine eligible studies included 2102 patients. In the second line setting, nivolumab achieved a 1-year survival rate of 41%; and in the first line, a 1-year survival rate of 76%. For those with PD-L1 expression <1%, nivolumab showed a trend for improved survival compared with docetaxel. Conclusions: The available data reinforce nivolumab activity against NSCLC in first-line or subsequent lines. Although PD-L1 expression is related to greater response, PD-L1 negative patients had also some benefit.engjournal article10.2217/imt-2016-0032