Campos, C.Valente, L. M. P.Conceição, L. E. C.Engrola, S.Sousa, V.Rocha, E.Fernandes, J. M. O.2014-07-032014-07-032013Campos, C.; Valente, L.M.P.; Conceição, L.E.C.; Engrola, S.; Sousa, V.; Rocha, E.; Fernandes, J.M.O.Incubation temperature induces changes in muscle cellularity and gene expression in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis), Gene, 516, 2, 209-217, 2013.1879-0038http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/4628Fertilised eggs of Senegalese sole were incubated at 15, 18 or 21 °C, and after hatching all larvae were reared at 21 °C until 30 days post-hatch. By this point larvae from the 18 or 21 °C temperature groups had 11 and 9% more muscle fibres than those from 15 °C, respectively. Hyperplastic growth during metamorphosis was higher in larvae from 18 °C. Embryonic temperature induced gene expression changes, albeit with a variable pattern throughout development. Myf5, myod2, myHC and fst mRNA levels were significantly higher at several stages prior to hatching in embryos incubated at 21 °C, whereas hsp90AB and hsp70 transcripts were present at higher levels in the 15 °C group. Myf5, myod1, myod2, pax7, myog, fst, igf-II, igf1r, hsp90AA and hsp90AB were expressed at higher levels during early development, particularly during somitogenesis. In contrast, mrf4, myHC, mylc2, igf-I, mstn1 and hsp70 were up-regulated at later stages of larval development, namely during and after metamorphosis. This study is the first example of thermal plasticity of myogenesis with prolonged effect in a flatfish.engSolea senegalensisEpigeneticsDevelopmentMuscle cellularityThermal plasticityMyogenesisjournal article2014-06-27http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.074