Conceição, Manuel Célio2026-03-182026-03-182025-10-27http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/28461The growing complexity of linguistic environments in the twenty-first century reflects global processes such as urbanisation, migration, political transformation and educational reform. In an increasingly interconnected and linguistically diverse world, language functions not merely as a tool for communication but as a complex and contested site of identity, governance and global participation; language has become both a mirror and a driver of change.engjournal article10.3828/ejlp.2025.91757-6830