Sapientia
Repositório Científico da UAlg
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Development of the beliefs in human nature uniqueness scale and Its associations with perception of social robots
Publication . Giger, Jean-Christophe; Piçarra, Nuno; Pochwatko, Grzegorz; Almeida, Nuno; Almeida, Ana Susana Rocio Gonçalves de ; Costa, Neuza
There is an actual trend for humanizing technological artifacts, especially social robots. However, human-like social robots trigger negative attitudes by threatening human uniqueness as well as humanness. The present paper presents the development of the Belief in Human Nature Uniqueness Scale (BHNUS) to assess the individual tendency to deny social robots the possibility to have human features considered to be the hallmarks of humanness. The validation of the BHNUS was completed along seven studies, with a total of 1044 Portuguese participants. Results showed that BHNUS had good structural qualities (Studies 1 and 2), as well as good convergent and discriminant validities. BHNUS was correlated with negative attitudes towards robots, religiosity, and interest for science fiction (Study 3), attribution of traits of warmth to robots (Study 4), positive and negative emotional appraisal (Study 5), perspective taking (Study 6), and attitudes towards the development of robots with human features (Study 7). The importance of the BHNUS regarding the development of social robots and human–robot interaction is discussed. If you were to insist I was a robot, you might not consider me capable of love in some mystic human sense, but you would not be able to distinguish my reactions from that which you would call love so what difference would it make? Isaac Asimov (1982) in Foundation’s Edge, p. 420
Strategy in sport performance: how training programmes could shape dynamic, adaptive intentional processes in performers
Publication . Pereira, Elsa; Carvalho, João; Davids, Keith; Araújo, Duarte
Recent developments in sports science have indicated that traditional models for planning training programs typically lack coherence for developing the complexity of adaptive processes that emerge from and are invited by training and competition. Here, we argue that the strategic management of training programs for sports performance development may emerge from continuous interactions between individuals in a non-linear transformative causality, displaying transactional intentionality. Based on the understanding and application of theories in complexity sciences, and from the perspective of the ecological dynamics of human behavior, it is intended to contribute to the strategic process that underlies the development of sports performance. Here, we seek to articulate how the strategic process that underlies sports performance development is based on an "educated intentionality" that guides the coaches' actions (e.g., problem-solving, decision-making, planning, and organization). This approach requires a co-evolving design process and decision-making in sports performance development so that athletes can implement adaptive behaviors in competitive contexts.
Socio-economic impacts of the recent bio-invasion of Callinectus sapidus on small-scale artisanal fishing in southern Italy and Portugal
Publication . Nardelli, Ludovica; Fucilli, Vincenzo; Pinto, Hugo; Elston, Jennifer Nicole; Carignani, Annalisa; Petrontino, Alessandro; Bozzo, Francesco; Frem, Michel
The recent and growing bio-invasion of the Callinectes sapidus (known as blue crab) is causing damages in the European aquatic ecosystems, and affecting the livelihoods of the fishermen. In this context, this study explores the socio-economic impacts of this bio-invasion on small-scale artisanal fishermen in the Apulia (southern Italy) and Algarve (southern Portugal) regions, analyzing their perceptions and highlighting the repercussions of this bio invasion on their livelihoods.
A antecipação da velhice na meia-idade: uma perspetiva de género
Publication . Janssens-Theunis, Alyssa; São José, José
Este artigo reporta os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que procurou compreender, a partir de uma perspetiva de género, como é que os indivíduos na meia-idade antecipam a sua própria velhice. Detetou-se uma grande diversidade de modos de antecipação da própria velhice, bem como marcas de género relativamente à opinião de alguns entrevistados (maioritariamente mulheres) sobre o modo como os homens e as mulheres antecipam a própria velhice e sobre a idade em que eles e elas entram na velhice. Outros entrevistados (maioritariamente homens) acham que as eventuais diferenças entre sexos no que respeita a estes dois temas não têm a ver com o género. São discutidas as implicações destes resultados para o conhecimento sociológico e para as políticas públicas.
Decent work research in tourism industry: a bibliometric mapping
Publication . Faria, Liliana; Gouveia, Cláudia; Florêncio, Luís
Abstract: The study of decent work in tourism is critical to ensure the sustainable growth of the industry, workers’ rights are respected, and local communities as well as tourists benefit. To this end, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of research on decent work in tourism. The analysis covered 105 studies from the Scopus database. VOSviewer was used to perform a citation, bibliographic linkage, co-citation, and co-occurrence analysis. The increase in the number of research papers and citations on this topic shows that it has progressively attracted the attention of researchers in the last three years. Results show that the United Kingdom is the most productive country in this field of study while the journal with the greatest influence is Journal of Sustainable Tourism. The study with the strongest link to other publications is “Rethinking decent work: the value of dignity in tourism employment”. The most studied topics concern the integration of decent work to achieve Sustainable Development Goals in the context of sustainable tourism and the sustainable adaptation of the hospitality and tourism industry in the time of COVID -19. Future research directions are also outlined.