CNT2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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- Sex differences in health-related quality of life among individuals at high risk of dementiaPublication . Oliveira, Ana Sofia; Lopes, Sílvia; Ferreira, Lara; Cruz, Vítor Tedim; Costa, Ana RutePurpose Dementia represents an increasing challenge to health systems globally, with a notable impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Nevertheless, the potential effect of sex on the relation between individuals’ characteristics and HRQoL, particularly in the early stages of this disease, remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the association between sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors with HRQoL among individuals at high risk of dementia, according to sex.Methods This cross-sectional study was based on baseline data from the MIND-Matosinhos randomized controlled trial, targeting Portuguese adults at high risk of dementia [n=207; 59.9% female; median age=70.0 (interquartile range: 11)]. HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D-5L. The associations between explanatory variables and HRQoL scores (dichotomized by the median) were quantified through odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), stratified by sex. Results Overall, females reported lower HRQoL when compared with males [median (interquartile range): 0.875 (0.190) vs. 0.923 (0.129); p=0.004]. Problems in mobility (43.6% vs. 27.7%; p=0.021), pain/discomfort (71.8% vs. 44.6%; p for interaction=0.020). Conclusion Health status is associated with HRQoL, distinctively amongst males and females. These findings emphasize the need for sex-specific public health strategies to improve HRQoL in a vulnerable population of individuals at high risk of dementia.
- Smart specialisation evaluation with real project data: a general equilibrium model in Portugal’s Centro regionPublication . Szabó, Norbert; Polónyi-Andor, Krisztina; Sebestyén, Tamás; Pinto, HugoAs the first smart specialisation planning period (2014–2020) ended, monitoring and evaluation became crucial. Analysing the successes and failures of smart specialisation strategy (S3) through a good monitoring and evaluation system contributes to the evidence base on which an efficient redesign and improvement of S3 can be performed. In this paper, we apply an extended version of the geographic, macro and regional (GMR)-Europe economic impact model to provide a real-life evaluation of the implementation of S3 in Centro region using cohesion policy fund data between 2014 and 2023. Simulations reveal that policy instruments and policy mixes of priorities differ in efficiency and identify where improvements are desired.
- Waves of innovation: the role of sustainability in driving impact in the blue economy – a PLS-SEM approachPublication . Elston, Jennifer Nicole; Pinto, Hugo; Nogueira, CarlaThe Blue Economy, with its emphasis on ocean-based industries, is critical for achieving sustainable development. This study investigates the intricate relationship between sustainability, innovation, and their economic, environmental, and social impacts within Portugal’s Blue Economy. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypothesized relationships between sustainability, innovation, and triple bottom line (TBL) outcomes based on survey data from firms operating in the sector. The findings confirm that innovation acts as both a direct outcome of sustainability efforts and a mechanism for mediating its impacts on economic and environmental performance. However, no significant direct or mediating effects were observed for social outcomes, highlighting a persistent gap in this dimension that requires further research. The study contributes to both theory and practice by highlighting the strategic integration of sustainability into organizational innovation processes and its role in enhancing multidimensional performance. By identifying critical pathways and barriers, this study offers valuable guidance for policymakers and industry leaders striving to enhance the long-term sustainability of the Blue Economy.
- Building resilience in tourism firms: evidence from COVID-19Publication . Jesus, Carina; Serra Coelho, Luís Miguel; Ramos, CeliaMultiple factors determine tourism companies' capacity to resist and overcome disruptive events, such as pandemics or wars. This paper investigates this issue using a sensitivity index and finds that reductions in human capital, bigger size, and higher past profitability diminish resilience, while higher leverage and capital intensity strengthen it. Our findings further suggest that these effects differ across countries and underscore the negative consequences of Eurozone membership. This paper broadens our understanding of how companies can improve their resilience, providing valuable insights for future preparedness strategies for tourism firms and policymakers.
- Unravelling consumer sentiments towards communicated health-safety and sustainability practices in hotelsPublication . Pérez Aranda, Javier Ramón; Tolkach, Denis; Ahn, Euijoon; Chen, Fang-weiCOVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted travel and hospitality industry. As hotels began to reopen after the initial lockdowns, many implemented new standards to reduce health risks. At the same time, travel recommender sites and accommodation booking websites introduced sustainability labelling and health and safety badges to help travellers book safe and sustainable accommodation options. This study investigates a 2,655 online hotel reviews from Costa del Sol region of Spain, collected between February 2020 and March 2021 to capture the full impact of the pandemic’s first year on tourism sector. Using a deep learning-based sentiment analysis combined with ANOVA, the study examines gest perceptions of hotels’ health and sustainability standards and explores their relationship with overall review scores. Additionally, the content of the reviews is analysed to identify emerging themes and associated sentiments. The findings indicate that although guests rarely mentioned health measures explicitly, these practices had a measurable impact on review scores. While the analysis of sustainability-related sentiments remains exploratory, preliminary results suggest that highercategory hotels (i.e., 4- or 5-star) are more likely to communicate a broader range of implemented sustainability, health, and safety practices. More research is needed to understand the evolving sentiment towards health and sustainability issues amongst hotel guests across various segments of travel and hospitality industry as wells as across cultures.
- Global spillovers between sustainable and traditional ETFS: crisis dynamics and policy implicationsPublication . Gabriel, Vítor Manuel de Sousa; Lozano, María Belén; Matias, Fernanda; Neves, Maria Elisabete; Rebelo, SandraThis paper examines the interconnections between segments of exchange-traded funds (ETFs), bridging the traditional financial perspective with the sustainability-driven approach based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) outlined in Agenda 2030. The analysis is endogenous, focusing on the shocks that emerge within the system composed of these segments. Utilizing daily data from six sustainable segments, each corresponding to different SDGs, alongside one traditional segment, spanning a sample period of approximately 14 years, the study reveals notable spillover effects. Specifically, the periods associated with the pandemic and the war in Ukraine were marked by a significant surge in information transmission across the segments. Furthermore, the findings indicate that sustainable segments exhibit a strong interdependence with their traditional counterparts, a dynamic that facilitates contagion risk and limits the effectiveness of portfolio diversification strategies.
- Exploring cbersecurity treats to solo female travelersPublication . Ghaderi, Zahed; Bagheri, Fatemeh; Esfehani, Minoo; Beal, Luc; Houanti, L’HocineThe rise of solo female travel and increased reliance on digital tools for planning, booking, and activities highlight the significance of cybersecurity. However, this topic remains underexplored in tourism research, particularly for vulnerable solo female travelers. This study addresses the gap by examining the cybersecurity risk perceptions of solo female travelers, employing Protection Motivation Theory and conducting interviews with 26 solo female travelers worldwide. Findings reveal a remarkable shift in awareness, with participants moving from underestimating risks to adopting proactive measures. Commonly cited concerns include data breaches, identity theft, phishing, ransomware extortion, cyberstalking, and sexual harassment. Travelers expressed heightened susceptibility (threat appraisal) and a commitment to mitigation strategies (coping appraisal). They emphasized the importance of digital literacy, secure travel applications, and robust safety protocols. This study proposes that tourism businesses and destination managers institutionalize cybersecurity strategies that protect and empower digitally vulnerable solo female travelers, fostering trust and resilience.
- Boating tourism and fishing Interactions: a social network analysis using AIS dataPublication . Ramos, Jorge; Drakeford, Benjamin; Costa, Joana; Leitão, FranciscoBoating tourism in coastal-maritime areas often overlaps spatially and temporally with other economic activities, such as fishing, leading to complex interactions. These interactions can create opportunities for positive cooperation or generate conflicts that pressure natural resources and stakeholders. The aim of this study is to show whether or not there is evidence of interactions between fishing (nf = 43) and tourism/recreation (nt = 65) vessels. This study focuses on the interaction between maritime tourism activities and fishing in southern Portugal, using a social network analysis (SNA) approach based on automatic identification system (AIS) data to evaluate spatial and temporal patterns. The findings reveal that tourism activities dominate zones closer to the coast, with intermediate areas serving as shared spaces where interactions between vessel activities are more likely to occur. There was evidence of occasional interactions between a few recreational and fishing vessels (two passengers and three seiners), but the inferences from the results are insufficient to demonstrate how beneficial they are for both activities.
- Healthy school, healthy teachers: mediating effect of optimismPublication . Borralho, Liberata; Candeias, Adelinda Araújo; Neves de Jesus, Saúl; Viseu, JoãoIn recent years, the relationship between teachers’ health and organizational health in schools has attracted growing interest in educational research. The studies by Borralho et al. (2020) and Bagdziuniene et al. (2023) indicate that a positive organizational environment—characterized by a supportive climate, effective leadership, and strong interpersonal relationships—has a significant impact on teachers’ physical and mental health, influencing aspects such as professional wellbeing, exhaustion, cognitive disorders, musculoskeletal issues, and voice alterations. Research also highlights that fostering a positive organizational culture through interventions aimed at improving teachers’ well-being can lead to enhanced job satisfaction and resilience, ultimately benefiting both educators and students (Van Woerkom, 2021).
- The governance of smart regions in peripheral Areas: exploring the case of a tourism-dependent regionPublication . Valente, Bernardo; Elston, Jennifer; Pinto, Hugo; Elston, Jennifer NicoleThis article examines the dynamics of governance, stakeholder collaboration, and resource allocation in developing smart regions within peripheral territories. Using the Algarve (Portugal) as a case study—a region characterized by its peripheral status and reliance on tourism—this research explores efforts to integrate technological innovations and promote economic diversification. Data were collected from document research, stakeholder surveys, and interviews, indicating challenges including fragmented governance structures, resource constraints, and limited citizen engagement in innovation ecosystems. Drawing on comparative insights from other peripheral and more advanced smart region initiatives, this study highlights the critical role of public-private partnerships, active citizen participation, and context-specific governance strategies in achieving sustainable growth. While best practices provide valuable experiences, this study emphasizes the need for tailored solutions suited to each regional socioeconomic context.