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Filogeografia de Salamandra salamandra (Caudata Salamandridae) no sul de Portugal
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Abstract(s)
A Salamandra salamandra constitui um complexo de subespécies distribuidas por toda
a Europa. Em Portugal estão descrüas duas subespécies S.s. gallaica na maior parte
do território português e S.s. crespoi na Serra de Monchique, embora os seus limites
de distribuição geográfica estejam por identificar. Todos os registos referentes ao
Sudeste de Portugal, apontam para a existência de um morfotipo intermédio entre S.s.
crespor' e S.s. morenica na Serra Morena (Huelva, Espanha). O objectivo deste
trabalho é definir os padrões de distribuição da S. salamandra no Sul de Portugal, por
meios genéticos e reconstruir a principal sequência de acontecimentos que terão
estado na origem desse padrão. O fragmento de 372 pares de bases do Citocromo b
do ADN mitocondrial revelou-se uma boa ferramenta molecular na identificação das
subespécies de salamandra, permitindo a identificação da zona de contacto entre as
subespécies do Sul de Portugal. Propõe-se dois possiveis cenários de retracção
populacional durante as eras glaciares e consequente re-colonização pós-glacial de S.
salamandra no Sul de Portugal, cujas implicações são discutidas na distribuição
actual das duas subespécies. Este trabalho serve já como ponto de comparação para
futuras medidas de gestão e planeamento.
The Salamandra salamandra subspecies complex is widely distributed throughout Europe and has been considered a high-level polytypic species. In Portugal, two subspecies have been described, S.s. gallaica for most of the distribution range and S.s. crespor' in Serra de Monchique, but the geographical distribution limits are still quite unknown. Moreover, all studies at southeast Portugal point out to the existence of an intermediary morphotype between S.s. crespor' and S.s. morenica in Serra Morena (Huelva, Espanha). The aim of this work is to understand the distribution patterns of S. salamandra in south of Portugal by molecular markers and reconstruct the main sequence of historical and present events originating that pattern. A 372 base pare fragment of the Cytochrome b of the mitochondrial DNA revealed to be a good tool in identifying the salamander subspecies and its contact zone. We propose two possible scenarios for population bottleneck during ice ages and consequent post-glacial re-colonization of S. salamandra in Southern Portugal and discuss their implications in the present distribution of the two subspecies. This work gives baseline data for conservation planning in the future.
The Salamandra salamandra subspecies complex is widely distributed throughout Europe and has been considered a high-level polytypic species. In Portugal, two subspecies have been described, S.s. gallaica for most of the distribution range and S.s. crespor' in Serra de Monchique, but the geographical distribution limits are still quite unknown. Moreover, all studies at southeast Portugal point out to the existence of an intermediary morphotype between S.s. crespor' and S.s. morenica in Serra Morena (Huelva, Espanha). The aim of this work is to understand the distribution patterns of S. salamandra in south of Portugal by molecular markers and reconstruct the main sequence of historical and present events originating that pattern. A 372 base pare fragment of the Cytochrome b of the mitochondrial DNA revealed to be a good tool in identifying the salamander subspecies and its contact zone. We propose two possible scenarios for population bottleneck during ice ages and consequent post-glacial re-colonization of S. salamandra in Southern Portugal and discuss their implications in the present distribution of the two subspecies. This work gives baseline data for conservation planning in the future.
Description
Keywords
Filogeografia Salamandra salamandra Refugios glaciares Retracção populacional Re-colonização pós-glacial