Browsing by Author "Ferreira, Mónica A."
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- Earthquake resilient schools in Algarve (Portugal) and Huelva (Spain)Publication . Estêvão, João Manuel Carvalho; Ferreira, Mónica A.; Morales-Esteban, Antonio; Martínez-Álvarez, Francisco; Fazendeiro-Sá, Luis; Requena-García-Cruz, Victoria; Segovia-Verjel, M. Luisa; Oliveira, Carlos S.Earthquake hazard is present in the south-western Iberian Peninsula (southern Portugal and south-western Spain), going beyond borders. Earthquakes cause important impacts in children. Consequently, schools play a vital role in increasing the seismic resilience. This can be regarded in two manners: (i) by decreasing the structural vulnerability launching retrofitting programs and (ii) by increasing the awareness and capacity of the student population in dealing with the phenomenon before, during and after the event. A project named Projetos de Escolas Resilientes aos SISmos no Território do Algarve e de Huelva, in Portuguese (PERSISTAH) aims the development of diagnostic tools, evaluation, management and rehabilitation of primary schools in both regions. Preparing support material for teachers is also intended. All these aims are developed in compliance with the National Civil Protection Policies of both Portugal and Spain. Both countries have signed the Hyogo and Sendai Agreements for disaster risk reduction. PERSISTAH proposes accomplishing the following tasks: creating a hierarchy system for the vulnerability of primary schools (school-score); forming mixed teams with experts from both countries to evaluate the school buildings; developing recommendations for rehabilitation with practical implementation in two pilot schools; and developing educational material and a practical guide to support the education and communication of risk to the school population. The general methodology to generate the school-score is presented in this paper.
- Improving the earthquake resilience of primary schools in the border regions of neighbouring countriesPublication . Estêvão, João M. C.; Morales-Esteban, Antonio; Sá, Luis F.; Ferreira, Mónica A.; Tomás, Bruno; Esteves, Carlos; Barreto, Vítor; Carreira, Ana; Braga, Alfredo; Requena-Garcia-Cruz, Maria-Victoria; Romero-Sanchez, Emilio; de-Miguel-Rodriguez, Jaime; Segovia-Verjel, Maria-Luisa; Blanco, Beatriz Zapico; Oliveira, Carlos SousaThis work summarises the strategy adopted in the European research project PERSISTAH. It aims to increase the resilience of the population, focusing on the existing primary schools in the Algarve (Portugal) and Huelva (Spain) regions. Software was developed to assess the seismic safety of these schools, considering different earthquake scenarios. Seismic retrofitting measures were studied and numerically tested. Some of them were also implemented in the retrofitting activities of two case study schools (one in each country). It was found that the adopted ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) considerably affect the results obtained with the software, especially for offshore earthquake scenarios. Furthermore, the results show that the masonry buildings would be the most damaged school typologies for all the scenarios considered. Additionally, a set of guidelines was created to support the school community and the technicians related to the construction industry. The goal of these documents is to increase the seismic resilience of the population. Different activities were carried out to train schoolteachers in seismic safety based on the guidelines produced, obtaining positive feedback from them.