Percorrer por autor "Lourenço, Sílvia"
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- Evaluation of fatty acids profile as a useful tool towards valorization of by-products of agri-food industryPublication . Ferreira, Rui; Lourenço, Sílvia; D. Lopes, André; Andrade, Carlos; Câmara, José S.; Castilho, Paula; Perestrelo, RosaWorldwide, the food industry generates a large number of by-products from a wide variety of sources. These by-products represent an interesting and economical source of added value components with potential functionalities and/or bioactivities, which might be explored for industrial purposes, encouraging and promoting the circular economy concept. In this context, the current work aimed to evaluate the fatty acids (FAs) profile using gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC–FID) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), as well as the determination of related health lipid indices (e.g., atherogenic (AI) and thrombogenic (TI)) as a powerful strategy to investigate the potential applications of different agri-food by-products for human nutrition and animal feeding. This work results showed that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are the predominant group in grape pomace (72.7%), grape bunches (54.3%), and brewer’s spent grain (BSG, 59.0%), whereas carrot peels are dominated by monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs, 47.3%), and grape stems (46.2%), lees (from 50.8 to 74.1%), and potato peels (77.2%) by saturated fatty acids (SFAs). These findings represent a scientific basis for exploring the nutritional properties of agri-food by-products. Special attention should be given to grape pomace, grape bunches, and BSG since they have a high content of PUFAs (from 54.3 to 72.7%) and lower AI (from 0.11 to 0.38) and TI (from 0.30 to 0.56) indexes, suggesting their potential to provide a variety of health benefits against cardiovascular diseases including well-established hypotriglyceridemia and anti-inflammatory effects, products to which they are added.
- How increasing temperature affects the innate immune system of sea urchin paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) reared in a RAS systemPublication . Rodrigues, Ana Filipa; Lourenço, Sílvia; Gomes, Ana; Tchobanov, Carolina F.; Pombo, Ana; Baptista, TeresaThe purple sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus, is the most exploited and economically important in Southern Europe due to the high value of its gonads. Temperature generally affects several physiological functions of marine invertebrates and the ocean warming has been linked to increasing frequency and severity of disease outbreaks in several echinoderms. Sea urchins have an innate immune system consisting of coelomocytes, the cellular components responsible for the immune response, supported by proteases and lysozymes. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of increasing seawater temperature on the immunological response of P. lividus. In this experiment, the animals were exposed to an increase in temperature up to 24 degrees C for 36 days, after which cellular and humoral immunity parameters were measured. The number of coelomocytes in the animals increased with the temperature rise, mainly the phagocytes and the colourless granulocytes. In the humoral response of the animals, only the concentration of lysozyme responded to the increase in temperature.
- Population density, reproduction cycle and nutritional value of Sphaerechinus granularis (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) in an oceanic insular ecosystemPublication . Lourenço, Sílvia; José, Ricardo; Neves, Pedro A.; Góis, André; Cordeiro, Nereida; Andrade, Carlos; Ribeiro, CláudiaSea urchins play an important role in island coastal ecosystems as keystone species and as potential resources for harvesting and aquaculture. In Southern Europe, the most valuable and harvested species is the European purple sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, but there is a growing interest to explore other edible species like the blunt sea urchin Sphaerechinus granularis. The echinoderms biodiversity of Madeira archipelago was previously described, but their local habitat, population densities and size distribution, important to establish their harvest and aquaculture potential, are poorly known. The present study aimed to evaluate S. granularis population in the oligotrophic and narrow insular shelf of Madeira archipelago, mainly regarding its habitat, densities, reproduction season and roe marketable characteristics. Sphaerechinus granularis was found in low densities (0.01 ind./m(2)) from shallow to deep reefs (5-30 m). The highest densities occurred in shallow waters and breakwaters in association to encrusting algae, turf and erect brown macroalgae. Here, the low primary productivity ecosystem influenced the long reproductive season of the local population. This population showed a relatively high gonadosomatic index (maximum GI of 8), high gonad weight (5.00-12.19 g) with high proportion of bright yellow and orange gonads (37.5-60%) between February and November. Additionally, the high level of total carotenoids, the high PUFA (particularly EPA) content, and the ratio n-6/n-3 close to one support the high nutritional value of S. granularis roe. The trend of incremental GI between September and November and the increasing content of PUFA in autumn suggests this could be the preferential harvesting season. This information is key to evaluate a sustainable exploitation of this living marine resource.