Browsing by Author "Monteiro, Bernardo"
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- Comparison of liquid-phase olefin epoxidation catalysed by dichlorobis-(dimethylformamide)dioxomolybdenum(VI) in homogeneous phase and grafted onto MCM-41Publication . Monteiro, Bernardo; Balula, Salete S.; Gago, Sandra; Grosso, Carla; Figueiredo, Sónia; Lopes, Andre D.; Valente, Anabela A.; Pillinger, Martyn; Lourenço, J. P.; Gonçalves, Isabel S.A mesoporous silica-supported molybdenum oxide catalyst with a loading of 0.17Mo/nm2 was prepared by liquid phase deposition ofMoO2Cl2(dmf)2 (1) onto MCM-41 (dmf = dimethylformamide). Powder X-ray diffraction and N2 adsorption studies of Mo-MCM-41 indicate that the texture properties of the support were preserved during the grafting experiment. On the basis of evidence from FTIR spectroscopy, 13C and 29Si MAS NMR, and Mo K-edge EXAFS, the Mo atoms in this catalyst are mainly present as isolated {MoO2[(–O)3SiO]2(dmf)2} species, with a small contribution from oxo-bridged dimers. Catalysis tests show that complex 1 and Mo-MCM-41 are highly active oxidation catalysts for liquid-phase epoxidation of unfunctionalised olefins using tert-butylhydroperoxide as oxidant, from ambient to 55 ◦C. The high stability and recyclability of the heterogeneous Mo-MCM-41 catalyst is attributed to the strong metal oxide–support interaction. With cyclooctene, 1-octene, trans-2-octene and norbornene substrates, the corresponding epoxides were the only observed reaction products. The reactions of the other substrates gave by-products such as 8,9-p-menthen-1,2-diol from (R)-(+)-limonene, campholenic aldehyde from -pinene, and benzaldehyde from styrene. The addition of dichloromethane as a co-solvent had a beneficial effect on catalytic performance, and in the case of (R)-(+)-limonene allowed the epoxide to be formed as the only reaction product.
- Synthesis and catalytic properties in olefin epoxidation of octahedral dichloridodioxidomolybdenum(VI) complexes bearing N,N-dialkylamide ligands: crystal structure of [Mo2O4(mu(2)-O)Cl-2(dmf)(4)]Publication . Gago, Sandra; Neves, Patrícia; Monteiro, Bernardo; Pessêgo, Márcia; Lopes, Andre D.; Valente, Anabela A.; Almeida Paz, Filipe A.; Pillinger, Martyn; Moreira, José; Silva, Carlos M.; Gonçalves, Isabel S.The catalytic performance of the complexes [MoO2Cl2(L)2][L = N,N-dimethylformamide (dmf), N,N-dimethylacetamide(dma), N,N-dimethylpropionamide (dmpa), N,N-diethylformamide(def) and N,N-diphenylformamide (dpf)] was examined in the epoxidation of cis-cyclooctene with tert-butyl hydroperoxide(tbhp) at 55 °C and in the absence of a cosolvent.The complexes showed high turnover frequencies in the range of 561–577 molmolMo–1h–1, giving the epoxide as the only product in 98% yield after 6 h. The reaction rates decreased significantly in consecutive runs carried out by recharging the reactors with olefin and oxidant. On the basis of the IR spectroscopic characterisation of the solids recovered at the end of the catalytic reactions, the decrease in activity is attributed to the formation of dioxido(μ-oxido)-molybdenum(VI) dimers. Accordingly, the treatment of [MoO2Cl2(dmf)2] with an excess amount of tbhp led to the isolation of [Mo2O4(μ2-O)Cl2(dmf)4], which was characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and found to exhibit a catalytic performance very similar to that found in the second runs for the mononuclear complexes. The kinetics of the reaction of [MoO2Cl2(dmf)2] with tbhp was further examined by UV/Vis spectroscopy, allowing rate constants and activation parameters to be determined. For the dpf adduct, the effect of different solvents on cyclooctene epoxidation and the epoxidation of other olefins, namely, (R)-(+)-limonene, α-pinene and norbornene, were investigated