Browsing by Author "Silva, G."
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- Inter-annual variations of macrobenthic communities over three decades in a land-locked coastal lagoon (Santo André, SW Portugal)Publication . Correia, M. J.; Costa, J. L.; Chainho, P.; Félix, P. M.; Chaves, M. L.; Medeiros, J. P.; Silva, G.; Azeda, C.; Tavares, P.; Costa, A.; Costa, A. M.; Bernardo, J.; Cabral, H. N.; Costa, M. J.; Cancela, M. LeonorSanto Andre is an enclosed brackish water coastal lagoon with temporary connections to the sea by a man-made channel. The exchange and mixture of saltwater and freshwater is irregular and the lagoon may show daily and seasonal fluctuations, but also long-term variation. Different benthic communities may be present along the annual cycle according to the magnitude of episodic freshwater and sea water inputs. In the last 30 years the communication with the sea has followed different regimes from year to year and, as a consequence, macrobenthic communities, assessed several times during the period before the opening to the sea, shifted from freshwater to marine affinities. Major differences were found between 1979 and 2010, with a preponderance of species with marine affinity, and the 1980s in which the organisms with freshwater affinity prevailed. Benthic communities are frequently used to assess aquatic environmental condition. Metrics used in the indices currently under discussion to assess ecological status of aquatic ecosystems within the scope of European Water Framework Directive were applied to Santo Andre data and the applicability of these metrics to assess quality in this coastal land-locked lagoon was discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Predicting the future of our oceans-evaluating genomic forecasting approaches in marine speciesPublication . Layton, K. K. S.; Brieuc, M. S. O.; Castilho, Rita; Diaz‐Arce, N.; Estévez‐Barcia, D.; Fonseca, V. G.; Fuentes‐Pardo, A. P.; Jeffery, N. W.; Jiménez-Mena, B.; Junge, C.; Leinonen, T.; Maes, S. M.; McGinnity, P.; Reed, T. E.; Reisser, C. M. O.; Silva, G.; Vasemägi, A.; Bradbury, I. R.; Kaufmann, J.Climate change is restructuring biodiversity on multiple scales and there is a pressing need to understand the downstream ecological and genomic consequences of this change. Recent advancements in the field of eco-evolutionary genomics have sought to include evolutionary processes in forecasting species' responses to climate change (e.g., genomic offset), but to date, much of this work has focused on terrestrial species. Coastal and offshore species, and the fisheries they support, may be even more vulnerable to climate change than their terrestrial counterparts, warranting a critical appraisal of these approaches in marine systems. First, we synthesize knowledge about the genomic basis of adaptation in marine species, and then we discuss the few examples where genomic forecasting has been applied in marine systems. Next, we identify the key challenges in validating genomic offset estimates in marine species, and we advocate for the inclusion of historical sampling data and hindcasting in the validation phase. Lastly, we describe a workflow to guide marine managers in incorporating these predictions into the decision-making process. Predicting climate change impacts is of central importance in marine ecosystems that provide a major source of nutrition to global communities and this work must be based on a sound understanding of both ecological and genomic impacts. This opinion synthesizes knowledge about the genomic basis of adaptation in marine species, highlights the few examples where genomic forecasting has been applied in marine systems, identifies the key challenges in validating genomic offset estimates in marine species, and provides a workflow to guide marine managers in incorporating these predictions into the decision-making process.image