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- Application of unsteady-state heat transfer equations to thermal process of morcela de arroz from Monchique region, a portuguese traditional blood sausagePublication . Pereira, Jorge; Ferreira-Dias, S.; Dionísio, Lídia; Patarata, L.; Matos, T. J. S.Morcela de Arroz (MA) is a popular cooked blood and rice sausage produced following empirical procedures in the Monchique region, south of Portugal. Presenting high pH (about 6.5) and water activity (around 0.97), it is commercialized without preservatives, unpacked and with restricted commercialization period (1 week at 0C-5C). The aim of this study was (i) to assess the adequacy of unsteady-state heat transfer equations (USHTE) using Heisler charts to predict temperature in the centre of the product and the time needed to attain the temperature needed for cooking and (ii) to determine if the thermal treatment traditionally applied complies with the recommendations for refrigerated processed foods of extended durability (REPFEDs). A very good fit of USHTE to the experimental time/temperature data was observed. MA thermal process complies with the REPFEDs recommendations. Bacillus cereus and Clostridium perfringens were not detected in any of the tested samples.
- Multivariate nature of a cooked blood sausage spoilage along aerobic and vacuum package storagePublication . Pereira, Jorge; Dionisio, Lidia; Patarata, Luis; Matos, Teresa J. S.Cooked blood sausages, such as Morcela de Arroz (MA), are ready-to-eat meat products consumed in many countries. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that spoilage of MA is multifactorial, involving microbiological, chemical and sensory modifications, which difficult the use of selected single indicators to establish product shelf life and to establish its shelf life based on consumers' willingness to consume. The experiment was conducted with samples without package (WP) and vacuum packaged (VP), stored at 4 +/- 1 degrees C. Quantitative descriptive analysis, Pseudomonas spp., lactic acid bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae counts, TBA-RS, total basic volatile nitrogen and lactic acid were determined and a consumer test was performed. Based on the consumer test, MA WP has a shelf life of 11.6 days and VP of 27.8 days. The multivariate approach showed a better predictive ability of consumer acceptability than single spoilage indicators.