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- Airflow around a passenger seated in a busPublication . Conceição, E. Z. E.; da Silva, M. C. G.; Viegas, D. X.The thermal comfort conditions perceived by occupants of a bus during a typical summer are evaluated through the mapping of the flow field in the zone occupied by passengers, in terms of mean air velocity, turbulence intensity, and temperature. A full scale bus section was used in laboratory tests, with the passenger simulated by a thermally-regulated mannequin and the solar radiation by a panel of lamps with a spectrum similar to that of the sun.
- Airflow around a passenger seated in a busPublication . Conceição, E. Z. E.; da Silva, M. C. G.; Viegas, D. X.The thermal comfort conditions perceived by the occupants of a bus during a typical summer are evaluated through the mapping of the flow field in the zone occupied by passengers, in terms of mean air velocity, turbulence intensity, and temperature. A full scale bus section was used in laboratory tests, with the passenger presence simulated by a thermally-regulated mannequin and the solar radiation by a panel of lamps with a spectrum similar to that of the sun. Given the symmetry of the vehicle, the only situations reproduced were those where the vehicle was subjected to radiation from the left-hand side. Measurements were performed both with and without a passenger seated in the window seat and in the aisle seat. In each case, two situations were considered, one with the solar protection curtains up and the other with them down.
- A computational model to simulate the thermal behaviour of the passengers compartment of vehiclesPublication . Conceição, Eusébio; Silva, M. C. G da; André, J. C. S.; Viegas, D. X.In this paper a computational model developed with the objective of simulating the thermal behaviour of the passengers' compartment of vehicles is presented. The model is based on the space-integral energy balance equations for the air inside the compartment and for the main vehicle bodies and surfaces. It can solve two kinds of problems. In the first one, calculates the heat stress that the air conditioning or heating system must equilibrate, in order to satisfy predefined permanent regimen project specifications. In the second one, once imposed a particular air conditioning system and given the ambient conditions, it computes the different temperatures and heat fluxes either in transient or steady regimens. The validation of this model was done with a railway car, in a summer situation, when it was immobilized and running. The model reproduced well the experimentally determined temperature and heat fluxes evolutions. However, the numeric simulation showed a best agreement with the experimental results when the convection heat transfer coefficients, determined experimentally in this work, were used. Copyright © 1999 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.