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- Impact of exogenous application of salicylic acid on growth, water status and antioxidant enzyme activity of strawberry plants (Fragaria vesca L.) under salt stress conditionsPublication . Lamnai, Kamal; Anaya, Fatima; Fghire, Rachid; Zine, Hamza; Wahbi, Said; Loutfi, KenzaIrrigation with saline water can act as an alternate water resource and thus plays an important role in saving freshwater resources as well as promoting agriculture. Furthermore, salinity stress is considered one of the major abiotic stress factors, which strongly reduces crop productivity. In this context, the present work was conducted to examine the effect of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) application on salt stress tolerance of strawberry plants. For this purpose, strawberry plants (Fragaria vesca L.), three months old, were treated with three SA concentrations (0mM, 0.25mM and 0.5mM), then subjected to 80mM NaCl or not. After five weeks of treatment, growth responses, water status, photochemical efficiency and oxidative stress indicators were measured. The obtained results showed that irrigation with saline water negatively affected the growth parameters, the leaf water potential (LWP), the relative water content (RWC), the stomatal conductance (gs) and photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm). While, the total protein content, the electrolyte leakage (EL), the malondialdehyde (MDA) and the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents were increased in stressed plants compared to unstressed ones. Salt stress also leads to the activation of the antioxidant enzymes. However, the exogenous application of SA under salt stress conditions reduced the H2O2 accumulation, the electrolyte leakage and the MDA content. It has also improved the growth parameters, the LWP, the RWC, the gs, the Fv/Fm, the protein content and the antioxidant enzyme activities (POD, CAT and SOD) in the treated plants compared to those without SA application. Therefore, the beneficial effect of 0.25mM SA on Fragaria vesca L. salinity tolerance may provide some practical basis for strawberry cultivation under saline conditions.
- Combined effect of salicylic acid and calcium application on salt-stressed strawberry plantsPublication . Lamnai, K.; Anaya, Fatima; Fghire, R.; Zine, H.; Janah, I.; Wahbi, S.; Loutfi, K.The salinity of water and agricultural lands is a major environmental factor adversely affecting crop productivity. Strawberry plants have been found to be sensitive to salt stress conditions. Salicylic acid (SA) and Ca2+ are endogenous signal molecules involved in many metabolic processes, which can stimulate the plants defence mechanisms to biotic and abiotic constraints. The main objective of this work was to investigate the impacts of SA (0.25 mM) and calcium nitrate (5 mM) application, singly or in combination, on growth parameters as well as physiological and biochemical markers of strawberry plants (Fragaria ananassa Duch, var. Fortuna) exposed to saline conditions (80 mM NaCl). The results showed that high salinity reduces plant growth and photosynthetic pigment content. Salt stress also induced an accumulation of Na, a decrease in K and Ca concentrations, a reduction in the levels of sugars, total phenol, relative water content, photochemical efficiency (F-v/F-m), and stomatal conductance as well as a decrease in proline, proteins, enzyme activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase) and an accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde. However, SA and calcium treatments enhanced the plants' tolerance to salt stress by improving the above-mentioned parameters. Additionally, the best results were obtained with combined treatment (Ca + SA) under both salinity conditions. These findings indicated that the combination of calcium supplementation with exogenous application of SA may provide an effective solution to improving the strawberry plant's tolerance to saline conditions.
- Effects of deficit irrigation and fertilization on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) water status and yield productionsPublication . Fghire, Rachid; Anaya, Fatima; Issa Ali, Oudou; Lamnai, Kamal; Foughali, Boubaker; Faghire, Mustapha; Benlhabib, Ouafae; Wahbi, SaidWorldwide population is in permanent growth, leading to an over-presser on the food resources. This demand leads to an over-exploitation of land and water resources. Recently, the quinoa plant has attracted attention as alternative crop with high nutritive value and high tolerance to the marginal conditions. In this study, a field experiment was conducted during two successive seasons to investigate the effect of deficit irrigation on the agronomic performance. Four treatments of deficit irrigation (100%, 50%, 33% ETc and rainfed) were applied to one variety in the first season and to four genotypes (two varieties and two lines). The results were evaluated by measuring biomass and seed quinoa yield, water-use efficiency, harvest index, seed size and 1000 seeds weight. Results show that the implementation of deficit irrigation is an appropriate strategy to reduce the use of agricultural water and maintain relatively high yields. On the other hand, the results of the economic quality reflected by the size and weight of seed yield, indicates that quinoa can be considered a well-adapted to the conditions of water scarcity culture. According to agronomic parameters, L143 line followed by the line L11 showed a high potential of adaptation under the different treatments of stress, while the “Puno” variety presented the best performance under the favorable conditions of irrigation (100% ETc).