Reflections on central nervous system Lupus

Moutinho, Joana; Isenberg, David A.

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/26368

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Authors

Moutinho, Joana

Isenberg, David A.

Abstract(s)

Neuropsychiatric (NP) disorders are important in the morbidity (even mortality) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Aspects of central nervous system (CNS) lupus remain unsatisfactory, notably what constitutes this element of SLE. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) (in 1971/1982) recognized ‘seizures and psychosis’ without other causes being identified, such as drugs or metabolic derangements [1]. An ACR working party (1999), however, proposed 19 different clinical features (12 central, seven peripheral) [2].