Gruta artificial de S. Paulo II (Almada)

Cardoso, João Luis; Martins, Filipe; Soares, António M. Monge

Publication

Gruta artificial de S. Paulo II (Almada)

2025-04-17Journal article

datacite.subject.fos	Humanidades::História e Arqueologia
dc.contributor.author	Cardoso, João Luis
dc.contributor.author	Martins, Filipe
dc.contributor.author	Soares, António M. Monge
dc.date.accessioned	2025-05-09T10:09:05Z
dc.date.available	2025-05-09T10:09:05Z
dc.date.issued	2025-04-17
dc.description.abstract	Excavations carried out under the auspices of the Almada City Council, between 1989 and 1991 in the churchyard of S. Paulo, within the urban area of the city of Almada, led to the identification of what remains of an artificial cave, excavated in carbonate sediments of the Miocene, of which the burial chamber and a small section of the corridor adjacent to it were completely explored. The excavations led to the collection of a copious archaeological collection, associated with around 250 burials, carried out there throughout almost the entire 3rd millennium BC, whose broad diachrony is confirmed by the radiocarbon dating carried out and by the typology of the archaeological materials, which remained to be studied. Unfortunately, the intense disturbances produced in the cave at different times, which reached its totality, since perhaps the Iron Age, and which saw notable additions in the modern and contemporary periods through the installation of a cemetery on the site, made the discussion of the results based on stratigraphy unfeasible. Based on the cross-referencing of information from the 22 radiocarbon dates carried out within the scope of this work on human left calcaneums, with the results of the study of the archaeological remains, preserved in the Museum of Almada, it was possible to conclude that the funerary use of the cave knew three distinct and well-characterized chrono-cultural phases. The first phase dates back to the end of the Late Neolithic, in the transition from the 4th to the 3rd millennium BC, being represented by only a unique deposition. The second phase of the cave’s funerary use covers the entire first half of the 3rd millennium BC, and includes an important set of vessels (cups and bowls), of excellent finish, displaying the typical fluted decoration, characteristic of the Early Chalcolithic of Estremadura. Finally, the third phase of prehistoric use of the cave, in clear continuity with the previous one, corresponds to almost the entire second half of the 3rd millennium BC, and is illustrated by the magnificent bell‑shaped ceramic productions recovered, which constitute one of the most remarkable sets published from Portuguese territory to date, both in terms of quantity and diversity and quality of productions.	eng
dc.identifier.doi	10.5281/zenodo.15005695
dc.identifier.issn	0872-6086
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/27098
dc.language.iso	por
dc.peerreviewed	yes
dc.publisher	Câmara Municipal de Oeiras
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject	S. Paulo
dc.subject	artificial cave
dc.subject	necropolis
dc.subject	Lisbon
dc.subject	Neolithic
dc.subject	Chalcolithic
dc.subject	Bell‑Beaker
dc.title	Gruta artificial de S. Paulo II (Almada)	por
dc.title.alternative	Artificial cave of S. Paulo II (Almada)	eng
dc.type	journal article
dspace.entity.type	Publication
oaire.citation.endPage	310
oaire.citation.startPage	117
oaire.citation.title	Estudos Arqueológicos de Oeiras
oaire.citation.volume	35
oaire.version	http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyName	Cardoso
person.givenName	João Luis
person.identifier.ciencia-id	4916-6273-3F6C
person.identifier.orcid	0000-0003-2234-2266
relation.isAuthorOfPublication	6393d938-218b-4168-a511-3558b9993aea
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery	6393d938-218b-4168-a511-3558b9993aea