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Monitoring soil conservation techniques via UAV for sustainable production of intercropped forage cactus with reuse water in the Brazilian semiarid region

2025-12Journal article Restricted access
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dc.contributor.authorSousa, Lizandra de Barros de
dc.contributor.authorMontenegro, Abelardo Antônio de Assunção
dc.contributor.authorIsidoro, Jorge
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Thieres George Freire da
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Thayná Alice Brito
dc.contributor.authorLima, João Luis Mendes Pedroso de
dc.contributor.authorGiongo, Pedro Rogério
dc.contributor.authorJardim, Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Marcos Vinícius da
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Ênio Farias de França e
dc.contributor.authorLima, Breno Leonan de Carvalho
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-02T12:14:43Z
dc.date.available2025-10-02T12:14:43Z
dc.date.issued2025-12
dc.description.abstractContext: Sustainable agricultural production in semiarid regions is limited by water scarcity and soil degradation. Forage cactus (Opuntia stricta) has high drought tolerance but requires effective water and soil management to maximize yield. Objective: To evaluate the effects of mulching and intercropping with gliricidia and moringa, under treated wastewater irrigation, on forage cactus productivity and soil properties, and to assess the utility of UAV-based remote sensing and machine learning for field-scale monitoring and yield prediction. Materials and methods: A 15-month field experiment was conducted in Northeastern Brazil using a randomized block design (3 × 2 factorial; six treatments; four replicates). Treatments combined mulching (with and without mulch) and intercropping (gliricidia, moringa, or none). Biometric (height, cladode count), biomass (fresh and dry matter yield), and soil (organic carbon, electrical conductivity, moisture) variables were measured. Highresolution UAV multispectral imagery provided vegetation indices. Geostatistical analysis was applied for spatial variability mapping, and a Random Forest model predicted fresh matter yield (R² criterion). Results: Mulching increased forage cactus height by 21 % and fresh matter yield by 70 % (p < 0.05), raised soil organic carbon by 133 %, and reduced salinity by 61 %. Intercropping with gliricidia further improved fresh matter yield by 59.7 % and soil moisture compared to the non-intercropped control. UAV-derived indices (e.g., NDVI, vNDVI) correlated strongly with measured yields (r > 0.75), and the Random Forest model achieved R² = 0.83 in yield prediction. Conclusions: Under irrigation with treated wastewater, mulching and intercropping (particularly intercropping with gliricidia) were associated with the highest forage cactus productivity and improved soil indicators in semiarid conditions. UAV monitoring with machine learning supported field-scale diagnostics and fresh matter yield prediction.eng
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110120
dc.identifier.issn0378-4290
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/27781
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relationCentre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA)
dc.relationAquatic Research Infrastructure Network
dc.relation.ispartofField Crops Research
dc.rights.uriN/A
dc.subjectIrrigation with reuse water
dc.subjectMulching
dc.subjectIntercropping
dc.subjectWater and soil conservation
dc.titleMonitoring soil conservation techniques via UAV for sustainable production of intercropped forage cactus with reuse water in the Brazilian semiarid regioneng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleCentre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA)
oaire.awardTitleAquatic Research Infrastructure Network
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00350%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0069%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.startPage110120
oaire.citation.titleField Crops Research
oaire.citation.volume334
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameIsidoro
person.givenNameJorge
person.identifierR-000-7SY
person.identifier.ciencia-idA617-A962-DE4F
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6901-5652
person.identifier.ridN-1814-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55250130500
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationce8b5f4a-f058-4320-b57b-0cb775918b7b
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryce8b5f4a-f058-4320-b57b-0cb775918b7b
relation.isProjectOfPublication607b395b-b4ff-4b27-b6e4-779cdea78d97
relation.isProjectOfPublication5af011f9-3888-449a-a18c-d08b59e87091
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery607b395b-b4ff-4b27-b6e4-779cdea78d97

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