Browsing by Author "Al-Kubati, Abdulrahman Badr Hasan"
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- Substitution of problematic solvents with greener options for industrial applicationsPublication . Al-Kubati, Abdulrahman Badr Hasan; Garcia, Ana Rosa; Mendonça, RicardoPeptide production stands as one of the most vital and rapidly growing sectors within the pharmaceutical industry, offering a wide array of therapeutic applications. The conventional methods of peptide synthesis rely heavily on organic solvents, such as N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), and dichloromethane (DCM), leading to significant generation of hazardous waste. However, their adverse effects on human health and the environment, as well as their substantial carbon footprint, have prompted the need for greener alternatives. Micellar chemistry, with water as the solvent, provides a promising alternative to traditional organic solvents, mitigating the adverse environmental impacts associated with conventional approaches. In this study, commercially available surfactants in water were investigated for their potential in facilitating a simple peptide coupling reaction. Different coupling agents and reaction parameters, such as time and surfactant solution amount, were explored. Co-solvents and binary surfactant systems were also examined to enhance reaction efficiency and selectivity. The success of the peptide coupling reactions was evaluated through product yields and analysis using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR) spectroscopy, confirming the effectiveness of surfactant-based systems in promoting desired coupling reactions.