Browsing by Author "Andrade, Laura"
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- Entomofauna associated with the olive tree in southern PortugalPublication . Gonçalves, Maria; Andrade, LauraSince 2004 several studies have been carried out in order to identify the main insect species that usually inhabiting the olive ecosystem. The field trials have taken place in two olive groves, one situated in Olhão and the other one in Loulé, both in Algarve and also under Integrated Pest Management (IPM). The sampling techniques used differ according to their purpose (sticky traps, pheromone traps, pitfall traps and samples of aerial parts of the trees such as inflorescences, leaves, fruits and branches). Results showed that the main insect pests of olive tree in southern Portugal were the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae Gmelin (Diptera: Tephritidae) and the olive moth Prays oleae Bernard (Lepidoptera: Hyponeumetidae). Other insect pests were also found in our olive groves namely the olive psyllid Euphyllura olivina Costa (Homoptera: Psyllidae), the olive dark beetle Phloeotribus scarabaeoides Bernard (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the mediterranean black scale Saissetia oleae (Olivier) (Homoptera: Coccidae) and the olive thrip Liothripes oleae Costa (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). Concerning the auxiliary insects that were found in our olives groves they belong to the following orders and families: Diptera (Syrphidae), Coleoptera (Carabidae, Coccinelidae and Staphylinidae), Hemiptera (Anthocoridae and Miridae), Neuroptera (Chrysopidae) and Hymenoptera (Braconidae, Encyrtidae, Eulophidae, Formicidae and Trichogrammatidae).
- The parasitoid complex associated with the olive fly, Bactrocera oleae, in Southern Portugal (Algarve)Publication . Gonçalves, Maria; Andrade, LauraThe olive fly, Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin), is the most destructive pest of the olive trees in the Mediterranean Basin. Since 2004 several studies have been carried out in order to identify the beneficial insect species of the Hymenoptera order that usually inhabiting the olive ecosystem in Algarve. For that purpose samples of infested olive fruits were collected during the autumn season from several olive trees at Loulé and S. Brás de Alportel regions. The collected fruits were placed in laboratory conditions (temp.: 23 ± 2 °C; 60 ± 5% relative humidity and 12 light: 12 dark photoperiod cycle) until larvae completed their development and left the fruit to pupate. After that they were collected and placed into a small glass tubes with a honey drop until the emergence of the adults in the same laboratory conditions. Adults of the parasitoids were characterized and identified. The obtained results showed that the most abundant Hymenoptera species of the parasitoid complex associated with the olive fly in Algarve are Psytallia (Opius) concolor (Hym.: Braconidae), Pnigalio mediterraneus (Hym.: Eulophidae) and Cytoptyx latipes (Hym.: Pteromalidae).