Percorrer por autor "Aspillaga, Eneko"
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- Fully protected marine areas linked to reduced home ranges of fishesPublication . Ohayon, Sarah; Abecasis, David; Almeida, Pedro R.; Alós, Josep; Aspillaga, Eneko; Belo, Ana Filipa; Costa, José Lino; Di Franco, Antonio; Di Lorenzo, Manfredi; Ferguson, Adrian; Guidetti, Paolo; Kraft, Sebastian; La Mesa, Gabriele; Olsen, Esben Moland; Parsons, Darren; Pickholtz, Renanel; Quintella, Bernardo R.; Silva, Ana Filipa; Taylor, Brett M.; Villegas‐Ríos, David; Belmaker, JonathanHome range size is a fundamental trait that can affect the probability of fish being harvested and, at the same time, may be affected by fishing. The relationship between home range size and fishing will impact the effectiveness of fully protected areas (FPAs), as it will influence the number of fish moving into fished areas, affecting both spillover and edge effects. One hypothesis is that individuals within FPAs will present reduced home range size relative to individuals in fished areas. This pattern can be driven by demographic selection (e.g. fishing of individuals with large home ranges leaving the FPAs), improved habitat requiring less foraging movements, or behavioural changes associated with reduced fishing threats. To test the relationship between home range size and protection, we compiled 1143 individual-level home range sizes based on acoustic tracking, covering 17 species from 11 FPAs in 7 countries, with information on distance from FPA borders. A dichotomic analysis (in/out of FPAs) did not support a significant change in the home range size between FPAs and fished areas. However, continuous analysis across the FPA borders demonstrated reduced home range size within the FPAs. We did not find an effect of FPA age or size on this pattern. While we cannot pinpoint the underlying mechanism for the pattern revealed, we suggest behavioural changes as the main driver for reduced home range within FPAs. This mechanism will lead to more resident populations within FPAs, reducing fishing mortality within FPAs yet limiting spillover benefits to adjacent fisheries.
- Marine protected areas promote stability of reef fish communities under climate warmingPublication . Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro; Bates, Amanda E.; Strona, Giovanni; Bulleri, Fabio; Horta E Costa, Barbara; Edgar, Graham J.; Hereu, Bernat; Reed, Dan C.; Stuart-Smith, Rick D.; Barrett, Neville S.; Kushner, David J.; Emslie, Michael J.; García-Charton, Jose Antonio; Gonçalves, Emanuel J.; Aspillaga, EnekoProtection from direct human impacts can safeguard marine life, yet ocean warming crosses marine protected area boundaries. Here, we test whether protection offers resilience to marine heatwaves from local to network scales. We examine 71,269 timeseries of population abundances for 2269 reef fish species surveyed in 357 protected versus 747 open sites worldwide. We quantify the stability of reef fish abundance from populations to metacommunities, considering responses of species and functional diversity including thermal affinity of different trophic groups. Overall, protection mitigates adverse effects of marine heatwaves on fish abundance, community stability, asynchronous fluctuations and functional richness. We find that local stability is positively related to distance from centers of high human density only in protected areas. We provide evidence that networks of protected areas have persistent reef fish communities in warming oceans by maintaining large populations and promoting stability at different levels of biological organization. Protected areas are meant to defend species from direct exploitation and habitat loss, but they might also reduce climate change impacts. Here, the authors show that marine protected areas mitigate the impacts of marine heatwaves on reef fish communities.
- Revealing chronotypes across aquatic species using acoustic telemetryPublication . Martorell‐Barceló, Martina; Abecasis, David; Akaarir, Mourad; Alonso‐Fernández, Alexandre; Arlinghaus, Robert; Aspillaga, Eneko; Barcelo‐Serra, Margarida; Brevé, Niels W. P.; Davidsen, Jan G.; Gamundí, Antoni; Grau, Amalia; Hereu, Bernat; Jarić, Ivan; Kapusta, Andrzej; Lowerre‐Barbieri, Sue; Monk, Christopher T.; Nickel, Anja K.; Nicolau, María C.; Ólafsdóttir, Guðbjörg Á.; Olsen. Esben M.; Pickholtz, Renanel; Prchalová, Marie; Reubens, Jan; Říha, Milan; Knaap, Inge van der; Verhelst, Pieterjan; Villegas‐Ríos, David; Alós, JosepAcoustic telemetry offers valuable opportunities to investigate individual variability in circadian-related and other behaviours and how environmental cues shape these patterns in wild fish populations. However, this potential has not yet been fully exploited. We conducted a meta-analysis on 44 datasets from 34 distinct marine and freshwater species and different types of data (acoustic detections, depth, acceleration and positioning). Our aim was to explore the potential of acoustic telemetry in identifying chronotypes as consistent among-individual differences in circadian-related behaviours. First, we applied hidden semi-Markov models to classify individual time series into active and rest states. Subsequently, we computed two classical circadian-related behavioural traits: awakening time (as the activity onset) and rest onset (as the activity offset). Subsequently, we identified distinct phenotypes by decomposing behavioural variation into within- and among-individual components based on repeatability scores. We found evidence of distinct chronotypes in 17 species, with average repeatability scores of 0.52 for awakening time and 0.43 for rest onset, revealing that chronotypes are common in aquatic species. Our findings highlight that both the data type, particularly acceleration sensors, and the number of detections are effective tools for exploring chronotypes. Our study proposes a novel approach to characterising daily activity patterns in aquatic species, predominantly in fishes, and provides guidelines for investigating chronotypes across diverse taxa. We emphasise the promise of biotelemetry and advanced statistical models for improving our understanding of the behaviour of aquatic species and highlight the value of synthesising across large data sets collected in networks of biotelemetryprojects.
- Toward a decade of ocean science for sustainable development through acoustic animal trackingPublication . Alós, Josep; Aarestrup, Kim; Abecasis, David; Afonso, Pedro; Alonso‐Fernandez, Alexandre; Aspillaga, Eneko; Barcelo‐Serra, Margarida; Bolland, Jonathan; Cabanellas‐Reboredo, Miguel; Lennox, Robert; McGill, Ross; Özgül, Aytaç; Reubens, Jan; Villegas‐Ríos, DavidThe ocean is a key component of the Earth's dynamics, providing a great variety of ecosystem services to humans. Yet, human activities are globally changing its structure and major components, including marine biodiversity. In this context, the United Nations has proclaimed a Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development to tackle the scientific challenges necessary for a sustainable use of the ocean by means of the Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG14). Here, we review how Acoustic animal Tracking, a widely distributed methodology of tracking marine biodiversity with electronic devices, can provide a roadmap for implementing the major Actions to achieve the SDG14. We show that acoustic tracking can be used to reduce and monitor the effects of marine pollution including noise, light, and plastic pollution. Acoustic tracking can be effectively used to monitor the responses of marine biodiversity to human-made infrastructures and habitat restoration, as well as to determine the effects of hypoxia, ocean warming, and acidification. Acoustic tracking has been historically used to inform fisheries management, the design of marine protected areas, and the detection of essential habitats, rendering this technique particularly attractive to achieve the sustainable fishing and spatial protection target goals of the SDG14. Finally, acoustic tracking can contribute to end illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing by providing tools to monitor marine biodiversity against poachers and promote the development of Small Islands Developing States and developing countries. To fully benefit from acoustic tracking supporting the SDG14 Targets, trans-boundary collaborative efforts through tracking networks are required to promote ocean information sharing and ocean literacy. We therefore propose acoustic tracking and tracking networks as relevant contributors to tackle the scientific challenges that are necessary for a sustainable use of the ocean promoted by the United Nations.