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Browsing by Author "Bates, Nicholas R."

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  • Cold-water corals in the Subpolar North Atlantic Ocean exposed to aragonite undersaturation if the 2 °C global warming target is not met
    Publication . García-Ibáñez, Maribel I.; Bates, Nicholas R.; Bakker, Dorothee C.E.; Fontela, Marcos; Velo, Antón
    The net uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere is changing the ocean’s chemical state. Such changes, commonly known as ocean acidification, include a reduction in pH and the carbonate ion concentration ([CO3 2− ]), which in turn lowers oceanic saturation states for calcium carbonate (CaCO3) minerals. The values for aragonite (aragonite; one of the main CaCO3 minerals formed by marine calcifying organisms) influence the calcification rate and geographic distribution of cold-water corals (CWCs), important for biodiversity. Here, high-quality measurements, collected on thirteen cruises along the same track during 1991–2018, are used to determine the long-term changes in Ωaragonite in the Irminger and Iceland Basins of the North Atlantic Ocean, providing the first trends of Ωaragonite in the deep waters of these basins. The entire water column of both basins showed significant negative aragonite trends between − 0.0014 ± 0.0002 and − 0.0052 ± 0.0007 per year. The decrease in aragonite in the intermediate waters, where nearly half of the CWC reefs of the study region are located, caused the aragonite isolines to rapidly migrate upwards at a rate between 6 and 34 m per year. The main driver of the decline in Ωaragonite in the Irminger and Iceland Basins was the increase in anthropogenic CO2. But this was partially offset by increases in salinity (in Subpolar Mode Water), enhanced ventilation (in upper Labrador Sea Water), and increases in alkalinity (in classical Labrador Sea Water, cLSW; and overflow waters). We also found that water mass aging reinforced the aragonite decrease in cLSW. Based on these aragonite trends over the last three decades, we project that the entire water column of the Irminger and Iceland Basins will likely be undersaturated for aragonite when in equilibrium with an atmospheric mole fraction of CO2 (xCO2) of ~880 ppmv, corresponding to climate model projections for the end of the century based on the highest CO2 emission scenarios. However, intermediate waters will likely be aragonite undersaturated when in equilibrium with an atmospheric xCO2 exceeding ~630 ppmv, an xCO2 level slightly above that corresponding to 2 ◦C global warming, thus exposing CWCs inhabiting the intermediate waters to undersaturation for aragonite.
    2021-06Journal article Open access Show more
  • The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014
    Publication . Mawji, Edward; Schlitzer, Reiner; Dodas, Elena Masferrer; Abadie, Cyril; Abouchami, Wafa; Anderson, Robert F.; Baars, Oliver; Bakker, Karel; Baskaran, Mark; Bates, Nicholas R.; Bluhm, Katrin; Kretschmer, Sven; Kumamoto, Yuichiro; Laan, Patrick; Labatut, Marie; Lacan, Francois; Lam, Phoebe J. Lam; Lannuzel, Delphine; le Moigne, Frederique; Lechtenfeld, Oliver J.; Lohan, Maeve C.; Saito, Mak A.; Lu, Yanbin; Masqué, Pere; McClain, Charles R.; Measures, Christopher; Middag, Rob; Moffett, James; Navidad, Alicia; Nishioka, Jun; Noble, Abigail; Obata, Hajime; Roshan, Saeed; Ohnemus, Daniel C.; Owens, Stephanie; Planchon, Frédéri; Pradoux, Catherine; Puigcorbé, Viena; Quay, Paul; Radic, Amandine; Obata; Rehkämper, Mark; Remenyi, Tomas; Salt, Lesley; Rijkenberg, Micha J. A.; Rintoul, Stephen; Robinson, Laura F.; Roeske, Tobias; Rosenberg, Mark; van der Loeff, Michiel Rutgers; Ryabenko, Evgenia; Sarthou, Géraldine; Schauer, Ursula; Scott, Peter; Sedwick, Peter N.; Sha, Lijuan; Shiller, Alan M.; Sigman, Daniel M.; Bowie, Andrew; Smethie, William; Smith, Geoffrey J; Sohrin, Yoshiki; Speich, Sabrina; Stichel, Torben; Stutsman, Johnny; Swif, James H; Tagliabue, Alessandro; Thomas, Alexander; Tsunogai, Urumu; Bown, Johann; Twining, Benjamin S.; van Aken, Hendrik M.; van Heuven, Steven; van Ooijen, Jan; van Weerlee, Evaline; Venchiarutti, Celia; Voelker, Antje; Wake, Bronwyn; Warner, Mark J.; Woodward, E. Malcolm S. W; Boye, Marie; Wu, Jingfeng Wu; Wyatt, Neil; Yoshikawa, Hisayuki; Zheng, Xin-Yuan; Xue, Zichen; Zieringer, Moritz; Zimmer, Louise A.; Boyle, Edward A.; Branellec, Pierre; Bruland, Kenneth W.; Brzezinski, Mark A.; Bucciarelli, Eva; Buesseler, Ken; Butler, Edward; Cai, Pinghe; Cardinal, Damien; Casciotti, Karen; Chaves, Joaquin; Cheng, Hai; Chever, Fanny; Church, Thomas M.; Colman, Albert S.; Conway, Tim M.; Croot, Peter L.; Cutter, Gregory A.; de Baar, Hein J.W.; Souza, Gregory F. de; Dehairs, Frank; Deng, Feifei; Thi Dieu, Huong; Dulaquais, Gabriel; Echegoyen-Sanz, Yolanda; Edwards, R. Lawrence; Fahrbach, Eberhard; Fitzsimmons, Jessica; Martin, Fleisher; Frank, Martin; Friedrich, Jana; Fripiat, François; Galer, Stephen J. G.; Gamo, Toshitaka; Solsona, Ester Garcia; Gerringa, Loes J. A.; Godoy, José Marcus; Gonzalez, Santiago; Grossteffan, Emilie; Hatta, Mariko; Hayes, Christopher T.; Heller, Maija Iris; Henderson, Gideon Henderson; Huang, Kuo-Fang; Jeandel, Catherine; Jenkins, William J.; Seth, John; Kenna, Timothy C.; Klunder, Maarten
    The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014 (IDP2014) is the first publicly available data product of the international GEOTRACES programme, and contains data measured and quality controlled before the end of 2013. It consists of two parts: (1) a compilation of digital data for more than 200 trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) as well as classical hydrographic parameters, and (2) the eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas providing a strongly inter-linked on-line atlas including more than 300 section plots and 90 animated 3D scenes. The IDP2014 covers the Atlantic, Arctic, and Indian oceans, exhibiting highest data density in the Atlantic. The TEI data in the IDP2014 are quality controlled by careful assessment of intercalibration results and multi-laboratory data comparisons at cross-over stations. The digital data are provided in several formats, including ASCII spreadsheet, Excel spreadsheet, netCDF, and Ocean Data View collection. In addition to the actual data values the IDP2014 also contains data quality flags and 1-σ data error values where available. Quality flags and error values are useful for data filtering. Metadata about data originators, analytical methods and original publications related to the data are linked to the data in an easily accessible way. The eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas is the visual representation of the IDP2014 data providing section plots and a new kind of animated 3D scenes. The basin-wide 3D scenes allow for viewing of data from many cruises at the same time, thereby providing quick overviews of large-scale tracer distributions. In addition, the 3D scenes provide geographical and bathymetric context that is crucial for the interpretation and assessment of observed tracer plumes, as well as for making inferences about controlling processes.
    2015-12Journal article Open access Show more
  • The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017
    Publication . Schlitzer, Reiner; Anderson, Robert F.; Dodas, Elena Masferrer; Lohan, Maeve; Geibert, Walter; Tagliabue, Alessandro; Bowie, Andrew; Jeandel, Catherine; Maldonado, Maria T.; Landing, William M.; Cockwell, Donna; Gerringa, Loes J.A.; Gilbert, Melissa; Godoy, Jose M.; Goldstein, Steven L.; Gonzalez, Santiago R.; Grissom, Karen; Hammerschmidt, Chad; Hartman, Alison; Hassler, Christel S.; Hathorne, Ed C.; Abadie, Cyril; Hatta, Mariko; Hawco, Nicholas; Hayes, Christopher T.; Heimbürger, Lars-Eric; Helgoe, Josh; Heller, Maija; Henderson, Gideon M.; Henderson, Paul B.; van Heuven, Steven; Ho, Peng; Abouchami, Wafa; Horner, Tristan J.; Hsieh, Yu-Te; Huang, Kuo-Fang; Humphreys, Matthew P.; Isshiki, Kenji; Jacquot, Jeremy E.; Janssen, David J.; Jenkins, William J.; John, Seth; Jones, Elizabeth M.; Achterberg, Eric P.; Jones, Janice L.; Kadko, David C.; Kayser, Rick; Kenna, Timothy C.; Khondoker, Roulin; Kim, Taejin; Kipp, Lauren; Klar, Jessica K.; Klunder, Maarten; Kretschmer, Sven; Agather, Alison; Kumamoto, Yuichiro; Laan, Patrick; Labatut, Marie; Lacan, Francois; Lam, Phoebe J.; Lambelet, Myriam; Lamborg, Carl H.; Le Moigne, Frédéric A.C.; Le Roy, Emilie; Lechtenfeld, Oliver J.; Aguliar-Islas, Ana; Lee, Jong-Mi; Lherminier, Pascale; Little, Susan; López-Lora, Mercedes; Lu, Yanbin; Masque, Pere; Mawji, Edward; Mcclain, Charles R.; Measures, Christopher; Mehic, Sanjin; van Aken, Hendrik M.; Barraqueta, Jan-Lukas Menzel; van der Merwe, Pier; Middag, Rob; Mieruch, Sebastian; Milne, Angela; Minami, Tomoharu; Moffett, James W.; Moncoiffe, Gwenaelle; Moore, Willard S.; Morris, Paul J.; Andersen, Morten; Morton, Peter L.; Nakaguchi, Yuzuru; Nakayama, Noriko; Niedermiller, John; Nishioka, Jun; Nishiuchi, Akira; Noble, Abigail; Obata, Hajime; Ober, Sven; Ohnemus, Daniel C.; Archer, Corey; van Ooijen, Jan; O'Sullivan, Jeanette; Owens, Stephanie; Pahnke, Katharina; Paul, Maxence; Pavia, Frank; Pena, Leopoldo D.; Peters, Brian; Planchon, Frederic; Planquette, Helene; Auro, Maureen; Pradoux, Catherine; Puigcorbé, Viena; Quay, Paul; Queroue, Fabien; Radic, Amandine; Rauschenberg, S.; Rehkämper, Mark; Rember, Robert; Remenyi, Tomas; Resing, Joseph A.; de Baar, Hein J.; Rickli, Joerg; Rigaud, Sylvain; Rijkenberg, Micha J.A.; Rintoul, Stephen; Robinson, Laura F.; Roca-Martí, Montserrat; Rodellas, Valenti; Roeske, Tobias; Rolison, John M.; Rosenberg, Mark; Baars, Oliver; Roshan, Saeed; Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel M.; Ryabenko, Evgenia; Saito, Mak A.; Salt, Lesley A.; Sanial, Virginie; Sarthou, Geraldine; Schallenberg, Christina; Schauer, Ursula; Scher, Howie; Baker, Alex R.; Schlosser, Christian; Schnetger, Bernhard; Scott, Peter; Sedwick, Peter N.; Semiletov, Igor; Shelley, Rachel; Sherrell, Robert M.; Shiller, Alan M.; Sigman, Daniel M.; Singh, Sunil Kumar; Bakker, Karel; Slagter, Hans A.; Slater, Emma; Smethie, William M.; Snaith, Helen; Sohrin, Yoshiki; Sohst, Bettina; Sonke, Jeroen E.; Speich, Sabrina; Steinfeldt, Reiner; Stewart, Gillian; Basak, Chandranath; Stichel, Torben; Stirling, Claudine H.; Stutsman, Johnny; Swarr, Gretchen J.; Swift, James H.; Thomas, Alexander; Thorne, Kay; Till, Claire P.; Till, Ralph; Townsend, Ashley T.; Baskaran, Mark; Townsend, Emily; Tuerena, Robyn; Twining, Benjamin S.; Vance, Derek; Velazquez, Sue; Venchiarutti, Celia; Villa-Alfageme, Maria; Vivancos, Sebastian M.; Voelker, Antje; Wake, Bronwyn; Bates, Nicholas R.; Warner, Mark J.; Watson, Ros; van Weerlee, Evaline; Alexandra Weigand, M.; Weinstein, Yishai; Weiss, Dominik; Wisotzki, Andreas; Woodward, E. Malcolm S.; Wu, Jingfeng; Wu, Yingzhe; Bauch, Dorothea; Wuttig, Kathrin; Wyatt, Neil; Xiang, Yang; Xie, Ruifang C.; Xue, Zichen; Yoshikawa, Hisayuki; Zhang, Jing; Zhang, Pu; Zhao, Ye; Zheng, Linjie; van Beek, Pieter; Zheng, Xin-Yuan; Zieringer, Moritz; Zimmer, Louise A.; Ziveri, Patrizia; Zunino, Patricia; Zurbrick, Cheryl; Behrens, Melanie K.; Black, Erin; Bluhm, Katrin; Bopp, Laurent; Bouman, Heather; Bowman, Katlin; Bown, Johann; Boyd, Philip; Boye, Marie; Boyle, Edward A.; Branellec, Pierre; Bridgestock, Luke; Brissebrat, Guillaume; Browning, Thomas; Bruland, Kenneth W.; Brumsack, Hans-Jürgen; Brzezinski, Mark; Buck, Clifton S.; Buck, Kristen N.; Buesseler, Ken; Bull, Abby; Butler, Edward; Cai, Pinghe; Mor, Patricia Cámara; Cardinal, Damien; Carlson, Craig; Carrasco, Gonzalo; Casacuberta, Núria; Casciotti, Karen L.; Castrillejo, Maxi; Chamizo, Elena; Chance, Rosie; Charette, Matthew A.; Chaves, Joaquin E.; Cheng, Hai; Chever, Fanny; Christl, Marcus; Church, Thomas M.; Closset, Ivia; Colman, Albert; Conway, Tim M.; Cossa, Daniel; Croot, Peter; Cullen, Jay T.; Cutter, Gregory A.; Daniels, Chris; Dehairs, Frank; Deng, Feifei; Dieu, Huong Thi; Duggan, Brian; Dulaquais, Gabriel; Dumousseaud, Cynthia; Echegoyen-Sanz, Yolanda; Edwards, R. Lawrence; Ellwood, Michael; Fahrbach, Eberhard; Fitzsimmons, Jessica N.; Russell Flegal, A.; Fleisher, Martin Q.; van de Flierdt, Tina; Frank, Martin; Friedrich, Jana; Fripiat, Francois; Fröllje, Henning; Galer, Stephen J.G.; Gamo, Toshitaka; Ganeshram, Raja S.; Garcia-Orellana, Jordi; Garcia-Solsona, Ester; Gault-Ringold, Melanie; George, Ejin
    The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017 (IDP2017) is the second publicly available data product of the international GEOTRACES programme, and contains data measured and quality controlled before the end of 2016. The IDP2017 includes data from the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Southern and Indian oceans, with about twice the data volume of the previous IDP2014. For the first time, the IDP2017 contains data for a large suite of biogeochemical parameters as well as aerosol and rain data characterising atmospheric trace element and isotope (TEI) sources. The TEI data in the IDP2017 are quality controlled by careful assessment of intercalibration results and multi-laboratory data comparisons at crossover stations. The IDP2017 consists of two parts: (1) a compilation of digital data for more than 450 TEIs as well as standard hydrographic parameters, and (2) the eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas providing an on-line atlas that includes more than 590 section plots and 130 animated 3D scenes. The digital data are provided in several formats, including ASCII, Excel spreadsheet, netCDF, and Ocean Data View collection. Users can download the full data packages or make their own custom selections with a new on-line data extraction service. In addition to the actual data values, the IDP2017 also contains data quality flags and 1-s data error values where available. Quality flags and error values are useful for data filtering and for statistical analysis. Metadata about data originators, analytical methods and original publications related to the data are linked in an easily accessible way. The eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas is the visual representation of the IDP2017 as section plots and rotating 3D scenes. The basin-wide 3D scenes combine data from many cruises and provide quick overviews of large-scale tracer distributions. These 3D scenes provide geographical and bathymetric context that is crucial for the interpretation and assessment of tracer plumes near ocean margins or along ridges. The IDP2017 is the result of a truly international effort involving 326 researchers from 25 countries. This publication provides the critical reference for unpublished data, as well as for studies that make use of a large cross-section of data from the IDP2017. This article is part of a special issue entitled: Conway GEOTRACES-edited by Tim M. Conway, Tristan Horner, Yves Plancherel, and Aridane G. Gonzalez.
    2018Journal article Open access Show more