Browsing by Author "Cardini, Ulisse"
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- A community perspective on the concept of marine holobionts: current status, challenges, and future directionsPublication . Dittami, Simon M.; Arboleda, Enrique; Auguet, Jean-Christophe; Bigalke, Arite; Briand, Enora; Cárdenas, Paco; Cardini, Ulisse; Decelle, Johan; Engelen, AH; Eveillard, Damien; Gachon, Claire M.M.; Griffiths, Sarah M.; Harder, Tilmann; Kayal, Ehsan; Kazamia, Elena; Lallier, François H.; Medina, Mónica; Marzinelli, Ezequiel M.; Morganti, Teresa Maria; Núñez Pons, Laura; Prado, Soizic; Pintado, José; Saha, Mahasweta; Selosse, Marc-André; Skillings, Derek; Stock, Willem; Sunagawa, Shinichi; Toulza, Eve; Vorobev, Alexey; Leblanc, Catherine; Not, FabriceHost-microbe interactions play crucial roles in marine ecosystems. However, we still have very little understanding of the mechanisms that govern these relationships, the evolutionary processes that shape them, and their ecological consequences. The holobiont concept is a renewed paradigm in biology that can help to describe and understand these complex systems. It posits that a host and its associated microbiota with which it interacts, form a holobiont, and have to be studied together as a coherent biological and functional unit to understand its biology, ecology, and evolution. Here we discuss critical concepts and opportunities in marine holobiont research and identify key challenges in the field. We highlight the potential economic, sociological, and environmental impacts of the holobiont concept in marine biological, evolutionary, and environmental sciences. Given the connectivity and the unexplored biodiversity specific to marine ecosystems, a deeper understanding of such complex systems requires further technological and conceptual advances, e.g., the development of controlled experimental model systems for holobionts from all major lineages and the modeling of (info)chemical-mediated interactions between organisms. Here we propose that one significant challenge is to bridge cross-disciplinary research on tractable model systems in order to address key ecological and evolutionary questions. This first step is crucial to decipher the main drivers of the dynamics and evolution of holobionts and to account for the holobiont concept in applied areas, such as the conservation, management, and exploitation of marine ecosystems and resources, where practical solutions to predict and mitigate the impact of human activities are more important than ever.
- Progress and future directions for seaweed holobiont researchPublication . Saha, Mahasweta; Dittami, Simon M.; Chan, Cheong Xin; Raina, Jean‐Baptiste; Stock, Willem; Ghaderiardakani, Fatemeh; John, Ann Mary Valathuparambil Baby; Corr, Shauna; Schleyer, Guy; Todd, Jonathan; Cardini, Ulisse; Bengtsson, Mia M.; Prado, Soizic; Skillings, Derek; Sonnenschein, Eva C.; Engelen, Aschwin; Wang, Gaoge; Wichard, Thomas; Brodie, Juliet; Leblanc, Catherine; Egan, SuhelenIn the marine environment, seaweeds (i.e. marine macroalgae) provide a wide range of ecological services and economic benefits. Like land plants, seaweeds do not provide these services in isolation, rather they rely on their associated microbial communities, which together with the host form the seaweed holobiont. However, there is a poor understanding of the mechanisms shaping these complex seaweed–microbe interactions, and of the evolutionary processes underlying these interactions. Here, we identify the current research challenges and opportunities in the field of seaweed holobiont biology. We argue that identifying the key microbial partners, knowing how they are recruited, and understanding their specific function and their relevance across all seaweed life history stages are among the knowledge gaps that are particularly important to address, especially in the context of the environmental challenges threatening seaweeds. We further discuss future approaches to study seaweed holobionts, and how we can apply the holobiont concept to natural or engineered seaweed ecosystems.