Browsing by Author "Corcobado, Tamara"
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- Invasive forest pathogens in Europe: cross-country variation in public awareness but consistency in policy acceptabilityPublication . Eriksson, Louise; Boberg, Johanna; Cech, Thomas L.; Corcobado, Tamara; Desprez-Loustau, Marie-Laure; Hietala, Ari M.; Horta Jung, Marília; Jung, Thomas; Lehtijarvi, Hatice Tuğba Doğmuş; Oskay, Funda; Slavov, Slavtcho; Solheim, Halvor; Stenlid, Jan; Oliva, JonàsPolitical action can reduce introductions of diseases caused by invasive forest pathogens (IPs) and public support is important for effective prevention. The public's awareness of IP problems and the acceptability of policies aiming to combat these pathogens were surveyed in nine European countries (N = 3469). Although awareness of specific diseases (e.g., ash dieback) varied, problem awareness and policy acceptability were similar across countries. The public was positive towards policies for informational measures and stricter standards for plant production, but less positive towards restricting public access to protected areas. Multilevel models, including individual and country level variables, revealed that media exposure was positively associated with awareness of IP problems, and strengthened the link between problem awareness and policy acceptability. Results suggest that learning about IPs through the media and recognizing the associated problems increase policy acceptability. Overall, the study elaborates on the anthropogenic dimension of diseases caused by IPs.
- A survey in natural forest ecosystems of Vietnam reveals high diversity of both new and described Phytophthora taxa including P. ramorumPublication . Jung, Thomas; Scanu, Bruno; Brasier, C. M.; Webber, Joan; Milenković, Ivan; Corcobado, Tamara; Tomšovský, Michal; Pánek, Matěj; Bakonyi, József; Maia, Cristiana; Bačová, Aneta; Raco, Milica; Rees, Helen; Pérez-Sierra, Ana; Horta Jung, MaríliaIn 2016 and 2017, surveys of Phytophthora diversity were performed in 25 natural and semi-natural forest stands and 16 rivers in temperate and subtropical montane and tropical lowland regions of Vietnam. Using baiting assays from soil samples and rivers and direct isolations from naturally fallen leaves, 13 described species, five informally designated taxa and 21 previously unknown taxa of Phytophthora were isolated from 58 of the 91 soil samples (63.7%) taken from the rhizosphere of 52 of the 64 woody plant species sampled (81.3%) in 20 forest stands (83.7%), and from all rivers: P. capensis, P. citricola VII, VIII, IX, X and XI, P. sp. botryosa-like 2, P. sp. meadii-like 1 and 2, P. sp. tropicalis-like 2 and P. sp. multivesiculata-like 1 from Phytophthora major phylogenetic Clade 2; P. castaneae and P. heveae from Clade 5; P. chlamydospora, P. gregata, P. sp. bitahaiensis-like and P. sp. sylvatica-like 1, 2 and 3 from Clade 6; P. cinnamomi (Pc), P. parvispora, P. attenuata, P. sp. attenuata-like 1, 2 and 3 and P. ×heterohybrida from Clade 7; P. drechsleri, P. pseudocryptogea, P. ramorum (Pr) and P. sp. kelmania from Clade 8, P. macrochlamydospora, P. sp. ×insolita-like, P. sp. ×kunnunara-like, P. sp. ×virginiana-like s.l. and three new taxa, P. sp. quininea-like, P. sp. ×Grenada 3-like and P. sp. ×Peru 4-like, from Clade 9; and P. sp. gallica-like 1 and 2 from Clade 10. The A1 and A2 mating types of both Pc and Pr co-occurred. The A2 mating type of Pc was associated with severe dieback of montane forests in northern Vietnam. Most other Phytophthora species, including Pr, were not associated with obvious disease symptoms. It is concluded that (1) Vietnam is within the center of origin of most Phytophthora taxa found including Pc and Pr, and (2) Phytophthora clades 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are native to Indochina.
- The virome of the panglobal, wide host-range plant pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi: phylogeography and evolutionary insightsPublication . Botella, Leticia; Hejna, Ondřej; Kudláček, Tomáš; Kovačiková, Kateřina; Rost, Michael; Forgia, Marco; Raco, Milica; Milenković, Ivan; Corcobado, Tamara; Maia, Cristiana; Scanu, Bruno; Drenth, André; Guest, David I; Liew, Edward C Y; Chi, Nguyen Minh; Thu, Pham Quang; Chang, Tun-Tschu; Fu, Chuen-Hsu; Kageyama, Koji; Hieno, Ayaka; Masuja, Hayato; Uematsu, Seiji; Durán, Álvaro; Tarigan, Marthin; Junaid, Muhammad; Nasri, Muhammad; Sanfuentes, Muhammad; Čurn, Vladislav; Webber, Joan F; Brasier, Joan F; Jung, Marília Horta; Jung, ThomasPhytophthora cinnamomi stands out as one of the most devastating plant pathogens worldwide, rapidly expanding its range and impacting a wide range of host species. In this study, we investigated the virome of P. cinnamomi across 222 isolates from Africa, Asia, Europe, Oceania, and the Americas using stranded total RNA sequencing, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction screening, and Sanger sequencing of selected isolates. Our analysis revealed that virus infections were prevalent across all sampled populations, including RNA viruses associated with the orders Ghabrivirales, Martellivirales, and Tolivirales, and the classes Amabiliviricetes, Bunyaviricetes, and the recently proposed Orpoviricetes. Viruses were mainly found in East and Southeast Asian populations, within the geographic origin of P. cinnamomi but have also spread to new regions where the pathogen has emerged as a clonal destructive pathogen. Among the identified viruses, eight species, including two bunya-like viruses, one narna-like virus, and five ormycoviruses, exhibit a global distribution with some genetic divergence between continents. The interaction between P. cinnamomi and its virome indicates a dynamic coevolution across diverse geographic regions. Indonesia is indicated to be the viral epicentre of P. cinnamomi, with the highest intra- and interspecies diversity of viruses. Viral diversity is significantly enhanced in regions where sexual recombination of P. cinnamomi occurs, while regions with predominantly asexual reproduction harbour fewer viral species. Interestingly, only the partially self-fertile mating type (MAT) A2, associated with the global pandemic, facilitates the spread of viruses across different biogeographic regions, whereas viruses are absent in the self-sterile MAT A1 in its areas of introduction like Australia and South Africa. Intriguingly, the presence of a plant tombusvirus suggests a potential cross-kingdom infection among Chilean isolates and a plant host. This study sheds further light on the geographical origin of P. cinnamomi from a novel virome perspective.