Browsing by Author "Eveillard, Damien"
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- A community perspective on the concept of marine holobionts: current status, challenges, and future directionsPublication . Dittami, Simon M.; Arboleda, Enrique; Auguet, Jean-Christophe; Bigalke, Arite; Briand, Enora; Cárdenas, Paco; Cardini, Ulisse; Decelle, Johan; Engelen, AH; Eveillard, Damien; Gachon, Claire M.M.; Griffiths, Sarah M.; Harder, Tilmann; Kayal, Ehsan; Kazamia, Elena; Lallier, François H.; Medina, Mónica; Marzinelli, Ezequiel M.; Morganti, Teresa Maria; Núñez Pons, Laura; Prado, Soizic; Pintado, José; Saha, Mahasweta; Selosse, Marc-André; Skillings, Derek; Stock, Willem; Sunagawa, Shinichi; Toulza, Eve; Vorobev, Alexey; Leblanc, Catherine; Not, FabriceHost-microbe interactions play crucial roles in marine ecosystems. However, we still have very little understanding of the mechanisms that govern these relationships, the evolutionary processes that shape them, and their ecological consequences. The holobiont concept is a renewed paradigm in biology that can help to describe and understand these complex systems. It posits that a host and its associated microbiota with which it interacts, form a holobiont, and have to be studied together as a coherent biological and functional unit to understand its biology, ecology, and evolution. Here we discuss critical concepts and opportunities in marine holobiont research and identify key challenges in the field. We highlight the potential economic, sociological, and environmental impacts of the holobiont concept in marine biological, evolutionary, and environmental sciences. Given the connectivity and the unexplored biodiversity specific to marine ecosystems, a deeper understanding of such complex systems requires further technological and conceptual advances, e.g., the development of controlled experimental model systems for holobionts from all major lineages and the modeling of (info)chemical-mediated interactions between organisms. Here we propose that one significant challenge is to bridge cross-disciplinary research on tractable model systems in order to address key ecological and evolutionary questions. This first step is crucial to decipher the main drivers of the dynamics and evolution of holobionts and to account for the holobiont concept in applied areas, such as the conservation, management, and exploitation of marine ecosystems and resources, where practical solutions to predict and mitigate the impact of human activities are more important than ever.
- Priorities for ocean microbiome researchPublication . Abreu, Andre; Bourgois, Etienne; Gristwood, Adam; Troublé, Romain; Acinas, Silvia G.; Bork, Peer; Boss, Emmanuel; Bowler, Chris; Budinich, Marko; Chaffron, Samuel; de Vargas, Colomban; Delmont, Tom O.; Eveillard, Damien; Guidi, Lionel; Iudicone, Daniele; Kandels, Stephanie; Morlon, Hélène; Lombard, Fabien; Pepperkok, Rainer; Karlusich, Juan José Pierella; Piganeau, Gwenael; Régimbeau, Antoine; Sommeria-Klein, Guilhem; Stemmann, Lars; Sullivan, Matthew B.; Sunagawa, Shinichi; Wincker, Patrick; Zablocki, Olivier; Arendt, Detlev; Bilic, Josipa; Finn, Robert; Heard, Edith; Rouse, Brendan; Vamathevan, Jessica; Casotti, Raffaella; Cancio, Ibon; Cunliffe, Michael; Kervella, Anne Emmanuelle; Kooistra, Wiebe H. C. F.; Obst, Matthias; Pade, Nicolas; Power, Deborah; Santi, Ioulia; Tsagaraki, Tatiana Margo; Vanaverbeke, JanStudying the ocean microbiome can inform international policies related to ocean governance, tackling climate change, ocean acidification and pollution, and can help promote achievement of multiple Sustainable Development Goals. Microbial communities have essential roles in ocean ecology and planetary health. Microbes participate in nutrient cycles, remove huge quantities of carbon dioxide from the air and support ocean food webs. The taxonomic and functional diversity of the global ocean microbiome has been revealed by technological advances in sampling, DNA sequencing and bioinformatics. A better understanding of the ocean microbiome could underpin strategies to address environmental and societal challenges, including achievement of multiple Sustainable Development Goals way beyond SDG 14 'life below water'. We propose a set of priorities for understanding and protecting the ocean microbiome, which include delineating interactions between microbiota, sustainably applying resources from oceanic microorganisms and creating policy- and funder-friendly ocean education resources, and discuss how to achieve these ambitious goals.