Percorrer por autor "Isla, Enrique"
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- Changes of energy fluxes in marine animal forests of the Anthropocene: factors shaping the future seascapePublication . Rossi, Sergio; Isla, Enrique; Bosch-Belmar, Mar; Galli, Giovanni; Gori, Andrea; Gristina, Michele; Ingrosso, Gianmarco; Milisenda, Giacomo; Piraino, Stefano; Rizzo, Lucia; Schubert, Nadine; Soares, Marcelo; Solidoro, Cosimo; Thurstan, Ruth H; Viladrich, Núria; Willis, Trevor J; Ziveri, PatriziaClimate change is already transforming the seascapes of our oceans by changing the energy availability and the metabolic rates of the organisms. Among the ecosystem-engineering species that structure the seascape, marine animal forests (MAFs) are the most widespread. These habitats, mainly composed of suspension feeding organisms, provide structural complexity to the sea floor, analogous to terrestrial forests. Because primary and secondary productivity is responding to different impacts, in particular to the rapid ongoing environmental changes driven by climate change, this paper presents some directions about what could happen to different MAFs depending on these fast changes. Climate change could modify the resistance or resilience of MAFs, potentially making them more sensitive to impacts from anthropic activities (i.e. fisheries and coastal management), and vice versa, direct impacts may amplify climate change constraints in MAFs. Such changes will have knock-on effects on the energy budgets of active and passive suspension feeding organisms, as well as on their phenology, larval nutritional condition, and population viability. How the future seascape will be shaped by the new energy fluxes is a crucial question that has to be urgently addressed to mitigate and adapt to the diverse impacts on natural systems.
- Polar marine biology science in Portugal and Spain: Recent advances and future perspectivesPublication . Xavier, J.; Barbosa, Ana B.; Agustí, S.; Alonso-Sáez, L.; Alvito, P.; Ameneiro, J.; Ávila, C.; Baeta, A.; Canário, J.; Carmona, R.; Catry, P.; Ceia, F.; Clark, M. S.; Cristobo, F. J.; Cruz, B.; Duarte, C. M.; Figuerola, B.; Gili, J.-M.; Gonçalves, A. R.; Gordillo, F. J. L.; Granadeiro, J. P.; Guerreiro, M.; Isla, Enrique; Jiménez, C.; López-González, P. J.; Lourenço, S.; Marques, J. C.; Moreira, E.; Mota, A. M.; Nogueira, M.; Núñez-Pons, L.; Orejas, C.; Paiva, V. H.; Palanques, A.; Pearson, G. A.; Pedrós-Alió, C.; Peña Cantero, T. L.; Power, Deborah; Ramos, J. A.; Rossi, S.; Serrão, EsterPolar marine ecosystems have global ecological and economic importance because of their unique biodiversity and their major role in climate processes and commercial fisheries, among others. Portugal and Spain have been highly active in a wide range of disciplines in marine biology of the Antarctic and the Arctic. The main aim of this paper is to provide a synopsis of some of the results and initiatives undertaken by Portuguese and Spanish polar teams within the field of marine sciences, particularly on benthic and pelagic biodiversity (species diversity and abundance, including microbial, molecular, physiological and chemical mechanisms in polar organisms), conservation and ecology of top predators (particularly penguins, albatrosses and seals), and pollutants and evolution of marine organisms associated with major issues such as climate change, ocean acidification and UV radiation effects. Both countries have focused their polar research more in the Antarctic than in the Arctic. Portugal and Spain should encourage research groups to continue increasing their collaborations with other countries and develop multi-disciplinary research projects, as well as to maintain highly activememberships within major organizations, such as the Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research (SCAR), the International Arctic Science Council (IASC) and the Association of Polar Early Career Scientists (APECS), and in international research projects.