Browsing by Author "Martins, Catarina"
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- Análise da acessibilidade a equipamentos na cidade de Faro com recurso a SIGPublication . Martins, Catarina; Rodrigues, J. I.; Pires Rosa, ManuelaAtualmente é crescente a preocupação com o tema da sustentabilidade urbana e tem-se perceção do contributo da mobilidade e acessibilidade para a qualidade de vida dos cidadãos e para a qualidade ambiental e social do meio urbano. Neste domínio, há que promover uma mobilidade mais saudável, melhorando as infraestruturas pedonais que incentivam a marcha a pé. Promover um urbanismo de proximidade onde ocorra uma adequada localização dos equipamentos coletivos numa cidade pode potenciar o uso de modos suaves e de transportes coletivos em detrimento de modos individuais motorizados, levando a uma maior sustentabilidade urbana. Assim, pretendeu-se estudar, para o caso da cidade de Faro, a acessibilidade a determinados equipamentos coletivos e a percentagem de cidadãos que vivem na envolvente destes. É apresentada a localização e acessibilidade a espaços/áreas verdes públicos, a transportes públicos (paragens de autocarro e estação de comboio), ao centro de saúde/unidades de saúde, a estabelecimentos de ensino (secundário, primário e básico), e a mini e supermercados, tendo em conta distâncias padrão ideais estudadas internacionalmente. Para a análise da proximidade dos equipamentos às habitações dos residentes recorreu-se às funcionalidades dos sistemas de informação geográfica, em particular ao cálculo de distâncias sobre a rede pedonal. Os resultados obtidos indicam a presença de um urbanismo de proximidade na localização de alguns equipamentos e fornecem um importante contributo para a gestão municipal, para a definição de infraestruturas pedonais estruturantes na cidade, que poderão ser objeto de requalificação para potenciar a marcha a pé.
- Coping styles in farmed fish: consequences for aquaculturePublication . Castanheira, Maria Filipa; Conceicao, Luis; Millot, Sandie; Rey, Sonia; Begout, Marie-Laure; Damsgard, Borge; Kristiansen, Tore; Hoglund, Erik; Overli, Oyvind; Martins, CatarinaIndividual differences in physiological and behavioural responses to stressors are increasingly recognised as adaptive variation and thus raw material for evolution and fish farming improvements including selective breeding. Such individual variation has been evolutionarily conserved and is present in all vertebrate taxa including fish. In farmed animals, the interest in consistent trait associations, that is coping styles, has increased dramatically over the last years because many studies have demonstrated links to performance traits, health and disease susceptibility and welfare. This study will review (i) the main behavioural, neuroendocrine, cognitive and emotional differences between reactive and proactive coping styles in farmed fish; (ii) the methodological approaches used to identify coping styles in farmed fish, including individual (group) mass-screening tests; and (iii) how knowledge on coping styles may contribute to improved sustainability of the aquaculture industry, including welfare and performance of farmed fish. Moreover, we will suggest areas for future research, where genetic basis (heritability/epigene tic) of coping styles, and the neuroendocrine mechanisms behind consistent as well as flexible behavioural patterns are pinpointed as central themes. In addition, the ontogeny of coping styles and the influence of age, social context and environmental change in coping styles will also be discussed.
- Improving access to greenspaces in the Mediterranean city of FaroPublication . Duarte Pinto, Vanessa; Martins, Catarina; Rodrigues, José Inácio; Pires Rosa, ManuelaGreen infrastructure has received increasing attention in urban strategies in a sustainable and resilience context, since greenspaces provide diverse ecosystem services. Green roofs can be a form of compensating the loss of ecosystem services and biodiversity in urban areas, contribute to safe access to greenspaces, which is important in times of social isolation, due to viral pandemics, and can guarantee self-reliance food. Thus, this urban measure should be integrated in urban planning and management, by using urban indicators associated with citizens access to greenspaces. Hence, we study pedestrian accessibility to green areas and propose an urban solution to improve access to greenspaces. The assessment is developed using indicators related to the citizens living in the surroundings of green areas and the residential buildings that exist in these areas; the residents living in potential green buildings or blocks with private green roofs and the potential green buildings with private green roofs. The ideal standard distances were considered to analyze the proximity of green areas to the dwellings of residents. We used GIS for the assessment of distances over the pedestrian network. The results indicate the necessity of building green roofs through the private sector. The developed indicators provide an important contribution to the municipal management in the definition of criteria for the urban location of green roofs to promote better access to ecosystem services.