Browsing by Author "Soares, Celestino"
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- Caracterização da problemática da mosca-do-Mediterrâneo, Ceratitis Capitata (Wied.) da luta autocida no AlgarvePublication . Larcher-Carvalho, Ana; Monteiro, Carla; Soares, Celestino; Mumford, John; Fernandes, José Entrudo; Carvalho, José Passos; Madeira, Emília; Coelho, Marisa; Elisiário, Paulo; Rocha, Rui; Mangerico, Sofia; Viegas, VitorOs citrinos são afectados por uma numerosa panóplia de pragas e doenças que dão origem a avultados prejuízos. Entre os inimigos que afectam a cultura, a mosca-do-Mediterrâneo, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824), (Diptera-Tephritidae), justifica especial destaque.
- Current distribution of the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae in Portugal: relation to climatic conditionsPublication . Duarte, Beatriz; Poeira, Rita; Magalhães, Tomás; Paiva, Paulo; Soares, Celestino; Neto, Luís; Marques, Natália; Duarte, AmilcarThe onset of Trioza erytreae, the African citrus psyllid, in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula (north of Portugal and northwest of Spain) caused great concern among citrus growers in Europe. This insect is a vector of the bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter spp., the causal agent of huanglongbing, one of the most devastating citrus diseases. The first report of T. erytreae presence in mainland Europe refers to an area with isolated citrus trees and no significant citrus orchards. However, it was predictable that T. erytreae could spread quickly reaching the most important citrus growing area, in the south. Therefore, the Portuguese citrus industry is the first to be threatened in Europe, but the entire European citrus industry is at risk. In addition to the containment measures taken by the Portuguese and Spanish Phytosanitary Services, several models were made to predict how the African citrus psyllid could advance through the territory of the two countries. Releases of the parasitoid Tamarixia dryi were used for psyllid control. Despite that, T. erytreae has moved south and is on the verge of reaching the most important Portuguese citrus-producing area, which is connected to the citrus-growing areas of the other Mediterranean countries. This advance took place along the coast, without reaching interior regions of the country, where, according to some models, a high-water vapor pressure deficit hinders the insect's development in warmer areas. Populations of T. erytreae dropped significantly in 2021 and 2022, making it difficult to detect even in previously infested areas. This doesn't give farmers peace of mind because the presence of T. erytreae, even in low populations, could lead to a quick spread of huanglongbing, if or when the disease arrives in Europe. Therefore, it is crucial to continue to monitor T. erytreae populations and implement the necessary containment measures for the vector.
- Water vapor pressure deficit in Portugal and implications for the development of the invasive African citrus psyllid trioza erytreaePublication . Paiva, Paulo Eduardo Branco; Cota, Tânia; Neto, Luis; Soares, Celestino; Tomás, José Carlos; Duarte, AmilcarAfrican citrus psyllid (Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio)) is a vector insect of the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter africanus, the putative causal agent of Huanglongbing, the most devastating citrus disease in the world. The insect was found on the island of Madeira in 1994 and in mainland Portugal in 2015. Present in the north and center of the country, it is a threat to Algarve, the main citrus-producing region. Trioza erytreae eggs and first instar nymphs are sensitive to the combination of high temperatures and low relative humidity. Daily maximum air temperature and minimum relative humidity data from 18 weather stations were used to calculate the water vapor pressure deficit (vpd) from 2004 to 2018 at various locations. Based on the mean vpd and the number of unfavorable days (vpd < 34.5 and vpd < 56 mbar) of two time periods (February to May and June to September), less favorable zones for T. erytreae were identified. The zones with thermal and water conditions like those observed in the Castelo Branco and Portalegre (Center), Beja (Alentejo), Alte, and Norinha (Algarve) stations showed climatic restrictions to the development of eggs and first instar nymphs of African citrus psyllid. Effective control measures, such as the introduction and mass release of Tamarixia dryi (Waterson), a specific parasitoid, and chemical control are necessary in favorable periods for T. erytreae development, such as in spring and in areas with limited or no climate restrictions.