Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2017-01-26"
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- Missão em prol da juventude: o programa “parlamento dos jovens” no AlgarvePublication . Dores, Sara Isabel André das; Sousa, Vanessa Duarte deO presente relatório resulta da investigação do programa “Parlamento dos Jovens” preconizado pela Assembleia da República e Instituto Português do Desporto e Juventude na região do Algarve. O objeto de estudo prende-se com o diagnóstico sobre a incidência da participação dos jovens no programa, averiguar os principais espaços de participação e conhecer os principais constrangimentos do papel da escola enquanto formadora para a cidadania ativa. Esta investigação surgiu durante o estágio curricular e aplica um paradigma qualitativo de investigação onde a metodologia de investigação é utilizada. Os instrumentos de recolha de dados foram entrevistas semiestruturadas, inquéritos por questionário e diários de campo. As conclusões demonstram que os espaços de participação cívica são escassos nas escolas e a motivação para a promoção da participação no programa “Parlamento dos Jovens” é diminuta.
- Epigenetic regulation in Senegalese sole. The role of methyltransferasesPublication . Firmino, Joana Pereira; Canário, Adelino V. M.; Manchado, ManuelEpigenetics is major regulatory mechanism in teleosts. In this work, five paralog genes for the methyltransferases dnmt3 and one gene encoding for dnmt1 in the flatfish Solea senegalensis were identified. The spatiotemporal expression patterns of dnmt1, dnmt3aa, dnmt3ab and dnmt3bb.1 during early development and adults tissues were established. In early larval stages, the dnmt genes showed distinct expression patterns although all of them were detected in neural organs and dnmt3aa appeared specifically in muscle. In juveniles, the four dnmt genes were expressed in brain and organs with proliferating cells and involved in hematopoiesis such as kidney, spleen or gills and low expressed in muscle. In order to assess the regulation of the dnmt genes, embryos were exposed to 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine, an inhibitor of Dnmt activity, observing a down-regulation of dntm1 and up-regulation of dntm3aa that suggest a regulatory feedback to compensate the inhibition of Dnmt activity. Moreover, the short- and long-term effects of incubation temperatures on methyltransferases expression and growth performance were also studied. Embryos incubated at low temperature (16ºC) until hatching increased the expression of dnmt3aa with respect to those incubated at 20ºC just at hatch. When temperature treatments were applied in lecithotrophic larval stages, a higher expression of dnmt3aa and dnmt3ab genes of larvae incubated at 16ºC with respect to 20ºC as also observed. In contrast, when long-term effects of incubation temperatures were evaluated, dnmt3aa and dnmt3bb.1 transcript levels were significantly higher in those individuals incubated at 20ºC in metamorphic stages. Growth performance trials in metamorphosis period demonstrated that embryos incubated at 16ºC showed a compensatory growth during the pelagic stages although metamorphosis progress was delayed. However, during juvenile pre-ongrowing stages, a retarded growth was observed in those juveniles from embryos incubated at 16ºC with respect to 18ºC and 20ºC, demonstrating an inverse relationship between incubation temperature and development. No effect on sex ratios was determined. Overall, these data demonstrate the importance of incubation temperature in sole to modulate the growth in juveniles and the muscle-specific form dnmt3aa as the most responsive gene to temperature through different developmental stages. These results for thermal reprogramming have an important impact in sole aquaculture.