Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-05"
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- Abordagem pré-hospitalar do tromboembolismo pulmonarPublication . Melão, Maria LuisaTrombose venosa profunda (TVP) e tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) são a terceira causa mais frequente de doença cardiovascular, com uma incidência anual estimada em 100-200 casos por 100 000 habitantes. O TEP é a manifestação mais grave de TVP, correspondendo uma causa major de mortalidade (cerca de 30% dos TEP são fatais), dos quais cerca de 34 % apresenta-se como morte súbita.
- The association between internalised homophobia and internalization of traditional gender rolesPublication . Strukelj, Eva; Gregorio, David Miguel; Giger, J.Objective: For men, heteronormative societies often use heterosexualhomosexual dichotomy as a central symbol of masculinity. Similarly, lesbians are commonly stereotyped as ‘masculine’. The aim of the present study was to investigate if internalised homophobia is positively related to one’s the endorsement of traditional gender roles and to compare whether the hypothesised relation differs between gays and lesbians.
- Slovenian adaptation of the sexual self-esteem inventory: Preliminary resultsPublication . Strukelj, Eva; Giger, J. -CSexual self-esteem is related to sexual identity, self-concept, and well-being. The Sexual Self-Esteem Inventory—Short Form (SSEI-SF) is a common measure of sexual self-esteem containing five seven-item subscales. There is a lack of valid measures adapted to specific sociocultural backgrounds. The aim of this study was to develop a Slovenian adaptation of SSEI-SF, to analyse its factor structure, and to measure its psychometric reliability and validity.
- The association between sexual self-esteem and lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) identityPublication . Strukelj, Eva; Carreiras, Luis Miguel Coelho; Giger, J-CObjective: Self-esteem is based on the verification of social/group, role, and individual identity. Previous studies imply that possessing a stigmatized identity (e.g., LGB identity) can thus be seen as a threat to the self-esteem of the LGB population. The goal of the present study was to investigate whether the endorsement of LGB self- and collective-identity is associated with a specific facet of self-esteem—sexual self-esteem (SSE).
- Portuguese purse seine fishery spatial and resource overlap with top predatorsPublication . Wise, Laura; Galego, Catarina; Katara, Isidora; Marçalo, Ana; Meirinho, Ana; Monteiro, Silvia S.; Oliveira, Nuno; Santos, Jorge; Rodrigues, Pedro; Araujo, Helder; Vingada, Jose; Silva, AlexandraThe Portuguese purse seine fishery, with average annual catches of 70 000 tonnes, operates mainly in coastal areas and targets small pelagic fish (SPF). Potential competition for resources may occur between the fishery and some species of marine mammals and seabirds, as suggested by observed incidental catches. For those species directly affected by the fishery, the spatial distribution of marine taxa and the fishing fleet are key pieces of information for spatial planning and management. We analysed the spatial and resource overlap between the fishery's distribution and effort, and the distribution and abundance of 6 species of top predators -seabirds (n = 4) and marine mammals (n = 2) between 2010 and 2014. Estimates of annual consumption by top predators and the fishery catch within the distributional range of one of their main prey species (sardine Sardina pilchardus) were also determined. Spatial overlap between all considered species and the fishery was low (<0.221), and only 2 species (common dolphins Delphinus delphis and Cory's shearwaters Calonectris borealis) showed high resource overlap with the fishery (>0.7). Overall, values of consumption of SPF by the top predators were of the same order of magnitude as mean annual purse seine landings for the studied area. Our results can be used for marine spatial planning, including designation of Marine Protected Areas and the development of an ecosystem-based model for the effective management of the Portuguese purse seine fishery that takes into account the consumption of natural predators.
- Algorithms merging for the determination of Chlorophyll-a Concentration in the Black SeaPublication . Kajiyama, Tamito; D'Alimonte, Davide; Zibordi, GiuseppeTwo regional bio-optical algorithms are combined to retrieve the Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration in the Black Sea. The first is a band-ratio algorithm that computes Chl-a as a function of the slope of Remote Sensing Reflectance (R-RS) values at two wavelengths using a polynomial regression that captures the overall data trend, enhancing extrapolation results. The second algorithm is a Multilayer Perceptron neural net based on Rgs values at three individual wavelengths that features interpolation capabilities helpful to fit data non-linearities. A new merging scheme is then designed to benefit from the complementarity of the two approaches. Remote sensing data employed to demonstrate the merging of regional results for the Black Sea are those acquired by the Ocean and Land Color Instrument on board Sentinel-3A to acknowledge the need for data products of higher accuracy within the long-term Copernicus program.
- Intoxicação por organofosforados:Um caso de emergência pré-hospitalarPublication . Pina, Sérgio Menezes; Salero, Teresa; Osório, RuiActivação da Viatura Médica de Emergência e Reanimação de Faro (VMER) para rendez-vous com uma ambulância de Suporte Básico de Vida dos Bombeiros de Albufeira com um homem de 39 anos, transportado do domicílio em Tunes por suposta intoxicação com organofosforados, pelas 14:40h de dia 22/01/2017, com contacto telefónico para o número nacional de emergência às 14:00h, pelo próprio.
- A missing piece of the Papio puzzle: Gorongosa baboon phenostructure and intrageneric relationshipsPublication . Martinez, Felipe I.; Capelli, Cristian; Ferreira da Silva, Maria J.; Aldeias, Vera; Alemseged, Zeresenay; Archer, William; Bamford, Marion; Biro, Dora; Bobe, Rene; Braun, David R.; Habermann, Jörg M.; Luedecke, Tina; Madiquida, Hilario; Mathe, Jacinto; Negash, Enquye; Paulo, Luis M.; Pinto, Maria; Stalmans, Marc; Tata, Frederico; Carvalho, SusanaMost authors recognize six baboon species: hamadryas (Papio hamadryas), Guinea (Papio papio), olive (Papio anubis), yellow (Papio cynocephalus), chacma (Papio ursinus), and Kinda (Papio kindae). However, there is still debate regarding the taxonomic status, phylogenetic relationships, and the amount of gene flow occurring between species. Here, we present ongoing research on baboon morphological diversity in Gorongosa National Park (GNP), located in central Mozambique, south of the Zambezi River, at the southern end of the East African Rift System. The park exhibits outstanding ecological diversity and hosts more than 200 baboon troops. Gorongosa National Park baboons have previously been classified as chacma baboons (P. ursinus). In accordance with this, two mtDNA samples from the park have been placed in the same mtDNA Glade as the northern chacma baboons. However, GNP baboons exhibit morphological features common in yellow baboons (e.g., yellow fur color), suggesting that parapatric gene flow between chacma and yellow baboons might have occurred in the past or could be ongoing. We investigated the phenostructure of the Gorongosa baboons using two approaches: 1) description of external phenotypic features, such as coloration and body size, and 2) 3D geometric morphometric analysis of 43 craniofacial landmarks on 11 specimens from Gorongosa compared to a pan-African sample of 352 baboons. The results show that Gorongosa baboons exhibit a mosaic of features shared with southern P. cynocephalus and P. ursinus griseipes. The GNP baboon phenotype fits within a geographic clinal pattern of replacing allotaxa. We put forward the hypothesis of either past and/or ongoing hybridization between the gray-footed chacma and southern yellow baboons in Gorongosa or an isolation-by-distance scenario in which the GNP baboons are geographically and morphologically intermediate. These two scenarios are not mutually exclusive. We highlight the potential of baboons as a useful model to understand speciation and hybridization in early human evolution. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Observing synchrony in dyads effects on observers' expectations and intentionsPublication . Marques-Quinteiro, Pedro; Mata, Andre; Simao, Claudia; Gaspar, Rui; Farias, Ana RitaThis research tested whether observing members of a dyad behave in synchrony influences observers' expectations and intentions about that dyad. In four studies, participants observed a dyad move in synchrony and were asked to make inferences about them. Results suggest that interpersonal synchrony serves as a social cue, such that observers expect the members of the dyad to work well together. Moreover, synchrony makes observers more likely to want to affiliate with the dyad. These findings shed light on how the social function of synchrony extends beyond the people who experience it to those who observe it.
- Mechanisms of algal biomass input enhanced microbial Hg methylation in lake sedimentsPublication . Lei, Pei; Nunes, Luís; Liu, Yu-Rong; Zhong, Huan; Pan, KeEutrophication is a major environmental concern in lake systems, impacting the ecological risks of contaminants and drinking water safety. It has long been believed that eutrophication and thus algal blooms would reduce methylmercury (MeHg) levels in water, as well as MeHg bioaccumulation and trophic transfer (e.g., by growth dilution). In this study, however, we demonstrated that algae settlement and decomposition after algal blooms increased MeHg levels in sediments (54-514% higher), as evidenced by the results from sediments in 10 major lakes in China. These could in turn raise concerns about enhanced trophic transfer of MeHg and deterioration of water quality after algal blooms, especially considering that 9 out of the 10 examined lakes also serve as drinking water sources. The enhanced microbial MeHg production in sediments could be explained by the algal organic matter (AOM)-enhanced abundances of microbial methylators as well as the input of algae-inhabited microbes into sediments, but not Hg speciation in sediments: (1) Several AOM components (e.g., aromatic proteins and soluble microbial by product-like material with generally low molecular weights), rather than the bulk AOM, played key roles in enhancing the abundances of microbial methylators. The copies of Archaea-hgcA methylation genes were 51-397% higher in algae-added sediments; thus, MeHg production was also higher. (2) Input of algal biomass-inhabited microbial methylators contributed to 2-21% of total Archaea-hgcA in the 10 lake sediments with added algal biomass. (3) However, AOM-induced changes in Hg speciation, with implications on Hg availability to microbial methylators, played a minor role in enhancing microbial Hg methylation in sediments as seen in X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) data. Our results suggest the need to better understand the biogeochemistry and risks of contaminants in eutrophic lakes, especially during the period of algae settlement and decomposition following algal blooms.