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- A catalogue of stress granules´ components: implications for neurodegenerationPublication . Nunes, Catarina Rodrigues; Nóbrega, ClévioStress granules (SGs) are irregularly shaped foci constituted by a variety of different types of RNAs, proteins, factors involved in translation and signaling molecules. These granules form transiently in response to a variety of stress stimuli, such as viral infections or translation blocking drugs, and facilitate stress response by sequestering mRNAs and proteins and affecting the translation of RNA transcripts. SGs are necessary for stress response, however, abnormalities in SGs functioning and the association of their formation with the aggregation of many pathological proteins, have been linked to pathological changes in several human diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and aging. The aim of this work was to identify all the proteins described as SGs components in mammalian cells and to build an online open access database with the all information collected. The SGs components were identified through an exhaustive study search (PubMed) and further details about each component were retrieved using public databases. Moreover, a transcriptomic analysis was performed analyzing the gene expression data for each SGs component in different neurodegenerative diseases. We identified 464 proteins as components of mammalian cells SGs, from which 253 were classified as RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Details about each protein, such as molecular function, link to disease, cell type where they were detected and the stress stimuli used to induce SGs assembly, were also collected and are available in the database. Through a transcriptomic analysis, where “disease vs control” groups were compared and analyzed, a vast majority of SGs proteins were found to be differentially expressed in different neurodegenerative diseases. All the information collected was used to build the Mammalian Stress Granules Proteome (MSGP), available at https://msgp.pt/, an important tool for researchers in this area of growing interest, being the first database to list and provide information about all SGs proteins identified so far.