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- A bayesian approach to infer the sustainable use of artificial reefs in fisheries and recreationPublication . Ramos, Jorge; Drakeford, Benjamin; Madiedo, Ana; Costa, Joana; Miguel de Sousa Leitão, FranciscoThe presence of artificial reefs (ARs) in the south of Portugal that were deployed a few decades ago and the corroboration of fishing patterns and other activities related to the use of these habitats have not been followed. It is important to note that monitoring the use of ARs was difficult in the past but is currently facilitated by the application of non-intrusive tools. In the present study, an approach is developed where, based on monitoring data from fishing and non-fishing boats, influence diagrams (IDs) are constructed to provide some evidence on fisheries or other use patterns and consequent AR effectiveness as coastal tools. These IDs allow us to infer various usefulness scenarios, namely catches, which are tangible, and satisfaction, which is intangible, and overall assessment of ARs and nearby areas in terms of human activities. After calibrating the Bayesian ID based on monitoring evidence, the obtained model was evaluated for several scenarios. In the base case, which assumes the occurrence of more fishing than recreation (assuming 3:1, respectively), the obtained utility is 18.64% (catches) and 31.96% (satisfaction). Of the scenarios run, the one that obtained the best results in the utility nodes together was the second one. The use of these tailored tools and approaches seems to be of fundamental importance for the adequate management of coastal infrastructures, particularly with regard to the inference of fishing resources and their sustainable use. An adequate interpretation based on the use of these tools implies being able to safeguard the ecological balance and economic sustainability of the communities operating in these areas.
- How may food processing achieve food and nutrition security for enhanced sustainability?Publication . Fardet, Anthony; Gold, Stefan; Delgado, Amélia; Kopsahelis, Nikolaos; Kachrimanidou, Vasiliki; Kaur, Lovedeep; Galli, Francesca; Rock, EdmondIn the agri-food chain, while the impact of producers and consumers on sustainability has been well studied, food processing has been less explored. This position paper aims to discuss the potential of food processing to address all food and nutrition security (FNS) outcomes in order to achieve improved food system sustainability. First, FNS dimensions and the four pillars of agro-food industry sustainability are defined, with a focus on ultra-processed foods. Second, the food matrix concept is developed as a new paradigm to holistically address all FNS. It is concluded that food processing should become more involved in circular food systems and bioeconomy, and that we need to relocate food production, processing, and consumption to be more aligned with regional food production specificities. For this, minimal processing to preserve food matrices should be preferred. Therefore, the strong current tendency to develop reductionist and siloed innovative solutions to improve the sustainability of food systems should be questioned.
- Monitorização de pigmentos na produção de microalgasPublication . Costa, Nicole Marques; Bragança, José; Carneiro, MarianaAs microalgas e as cianobactérias representam um grupo de organismos fotossintéticos que são ricos em pigmentos, tais como a clorofila, carotenoides e ficobiliproteínas. Estes pigmentos, como por exemplo a fucoxantina, têm um elevado interesse no mercado da cosmética, nutracêutica e farmacêutica. A fucoxantina é um carotenoide (xantofila) que contém uma elevada procura devido às suas propriedades anti-inflamatórias, antioxidantes, antiobesidade e antidiabética. A fucoxantina pode ser encontrada no meio natural em macro- e microalgas, mas a sua produção sintética não é viável por razões económicas. Devido à importância destes pigmentos, torna-se importante monitorizar a variação do conteúdo destes pigmentos na biomassa num contexto de produção industrial para melhorar a sua produtividade. A Necton S.A. é uma empresa produtora de microalgas inclusive de espécies que contêm um alto conteúdo de fucoxantina, como a Tisochrysis lutea (haptófita) e a Phaeodactylum tricornutum (diatomácea), que caracteriza as células com uma tonalidade acastanhada. Este relatório tem dois objetivos principais, primeiro testar um método de quantificação espetrofotométrica de fucoxantina, que será validado com uma quantificação standard por cromatografia líquida (HPLC), de forma a obter um método mais rápido de quantificação. Após a seleção do melhor método, o segundo objetivo foca-se na monitorização do conteúdo de fucoxantina das microalgas ao longo da produção em fotobioreatores tubulares elucidará o efeito dos diferentes fatores abióticos como a luz e a temperatura na produção deste pigmento. Estes objetivos ajudarão a otimizar a produtividade de fucoxantina e a maximizar a valorização da biomassa final.