Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2025-05-10"
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- Global intraspecific diversity of marine forests of brown macroalgae predicted by past climate conditionsPublication . Fragkopoulou, Eliza; Serrao, Ester A.; Clerck, Olivier De; Assis, JorgeGlobal patterns of intraspecific genetic diversity are key to understanding evolutionary and ecological processes. However, insights into the distribution and drivers of genetic diversity remain limited, particularly for marine species. Here, we explain and predict the genetic diversity of cold and temperate brown macroalgae using genetic data from 29 species and a machine-learning algorithm that incorporates contemporary and past climate conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum (~20,000 years ago) based on the niche centroid hypothesis. We apply this model to the distribution of 280 species and predict their global genetic diversity. Our results show reduced genetic diversity away from the niche centroid, identifying past climate conditions as key drivers of contemporary genetic diversity. Regions with high genetic diversity for multiple species emerge, matching biogeographic patterns of species richness. The mapped diversity hotspots establish timely baselines for brown macroalgae biogeography, evolutionary potential and conservation, contributing to the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework.
- Species identification of osseous museum artefacts through peptide mass fingerprinting illustrated by a study on objects from Neolithic to Iron Age ArmeniaPublication . Antonosyan, Mariya; Mkrtchyan, Satenik; Amano, Noel; Davtyan, Ruben; Yeranyan, Nzhdeh; Badalyan, Mikayel; Poghosyan, Svetlana; Telunts, Anahit; Stepanyan, Karine; Amiryan, Mariam; Zakyan, Tigran; Eloshvili, Mariami; Zarikian, Noushig; Adigyozalyan, Ani; Gyonjyan, Andranik; Simonyan, Hasmik; Sargsyan, Vahe; Saribekyan, Mariam; Hovhannisyan, Anahit; Simonyan, Hakob; Martirosyan-Olshansky, Kristine; Piliposyan, Ashot; Khachatryan, Zaruhi; Sousa Almeida Évora, Glória Marina; Paladugu, Roshan; Bobokhyan, Arsen; Roberts, Patrick; Yepiskoposyan, LevonIdentifying animal species used in osseous industry production is crucial for reconstructing human-animal interactions in ancient societies. However, bone artefact manufacture often involves intensive modifications to raw materials that hamper taxonomic identifications. Here, for the first time in central Eurasia, we taxonomically assess bone objects stored in museum collections, recovered from Late Neolithic to Iron Age contexts in Armenia, using a minimally invasive peptide mass fingerprinting technique, also known as Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS). Our pilot study shows remarkable collagen preservation in the bone artefacts, demonstrating the rich potential of ZooMS for examining legacy collections. The successful ZooMS screening provided taxonomic identification for 86% of the artefacts, offering insights into species selection for bone manufacturing, as well as broader socioeconomic developments and interregional links. Our study underscores the utility of minimally invasive proteomic techniques, enabling the preservation of cultural and historical artefacts while addressing limitations of studying museum collections.