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- Effects of environmental conditions and seasonality on Barents Sea shrimp dynamics and consequences for stock assessmentPublication . Casla, Alex Rosa; Zimmermann, Fabian; Guerreiro, Pedro Miguel Guerreiro da CostaNorthern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) stock can be found across most of the Barents Sea, sustaining a large and valuable trawl fishery with an estimated sustainable catch of around 150,000 tonnes annually. The stock is monitored by Norway and Russia, and scientific advice is provided annually. However, the shrimp fishery in the Barents Sea has remained largely unregulated without any catch restrictions, with changes in catches mostly driven by economic factors, especially white fish accessibility and global shrimp prices. The current Northern shrimp stock assessment uses a biomass index from a spatiotemporal distribution model based on a relatively short survey time series. We evaluated whether including available time series of shrimp survey data from winter and environmental data could improve the model’s predictive potential and, thus, the quality of the assessment. While environmental variables did not provide a significant improvement in the biomass index model, the winter data aligned well with the summer data, providing valuable information on stock trends throughout the year. This research led to the implementation of a winter biomass index in the Barents Sea shrimp stock assessment model. The results showed that the inclusion of winter data provided similar estimates of biomass and fishing mortality com pared to the former model, but with increased predictive performance and accuracy. However, significant spatial and spatiotemporal random effects indicate that shrimp distribution and dynamics are linked to biotic and abiotic processes that are currently not explicitly accounted for in our modelling framework, which should be subject to further research. This project provides an important contribution to an improved stock assessment for the shrimp stock in the Barents Sea and, thus, sustainable catch advice. This is particularly relevant given the species’ important role in a changing arctic marine ecosystem, and the growing fishing pressure Northern shrimp is subjected to.
- Novel bacterial strains for nonylphenol removal in water and sewage sludge: insights from gene expression and toxicityPublication . Lara-Moreno, Alba; Aguilar-Romero, Inés; Madrid, Fernando; Villaverde, Jaime; Carlier, Jorge; Santos, Juan Luís; Alonso, Esteban; Morillo, EsmeraldaAbstract: 4-Nonylphenols (4-NPs) are persistent endocrine disruptors frequently found in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents and sewage sludge. This study evaluated the ability of eight bacterial strains that were isolated from sewage sludge to degrade 4-n-NP in an aqueous solution. Bacillus safensis CN12, Shewanella putrefaciens CN17, and Alcaligenes faecalis CN8 showed the highest degradation rates, removing 100%, 75%, and 74% of 4-n-NP (10 mg L−1 ), with DT50 values of 0.90, 8.9, and 10.4 days, respectively. Despite the reduction in 4-n-NP concentrations, ecotoxicity assays revealed that the resulting transformation products (TPs) were more toxic than the parent compound. To investigate the potential degradation mechanisms, in silico and gene expression analyses were conducted on B. safensis CN12, revealing a significant upregulation of the multicopper oxidase gene, cotA (7.25-fold), and the ring-cleaving dioxygenase gene, mhqO (13.9-fold). Although the CN12 strain showed potential for mineralization based on gene expression studies, this was not observed in the aqueous solution. However, when 4-n-NP was adsorbed on sludge and treated with CN12 in the presence of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) as a bioavailability enhancer, mineralization reached up to 33%, indicating a synergistic effect with the native sludge microbiota.
- A bibliometric analysis on designing urban green and blue spaces related to environmental and public health benefitsPublication . de Sousa Silva, Catarina; Bell, Simon; Lackóová, Lenka; Panagopoulos, ThomasAbstract: Humans and nature have always been connected. Meanwhile, with the industrial revolution, landscapes have become more artificial, reducing the human–nature relationship. Urban design should follow biophilic principles to reconnect people with nature, mitigate climate change, improve air quality, restore biodiversity loss, and solve social problems. Poor air quality affects people’s health, and vegetation plays a crucial role in purifying the air. Similarly, contact with nature benefits physical and mental health and well-being. However, there is no consensus on how urban design can be beneficial for improving air quality and human health. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of evidence linking nature-based solutions (NBSs), air quality, carbon neutrality, and human health and well-being. Five hundred articles published between 2000 and 2024 were analysed. A number of publications studied the benefits of green infrastructure in improving air quality, carbon sequestration, or the influence of green spaces on human health. The topic of NBSs has recently emerged related to air quality, health, and promoting physical activity, as has accessibility to green spaces and mental health, also associated with blue spaces and residential gardens. The results revealed the gaps in the literature on how to design green and blue spaces to tackle environmental and public health crises simultaneously.