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- Multi-level evolutionary model for smart tourism transition: a pilot test in the Andalusian region (Spain)Publication . Puig-Cabrera, Miguel; Foronda-Robles, ConcepciónThe transition from traditional to smart tourism destinations requires structured theoretical models that can capture the complexity of stakeholder engagement and behavioural change. This study introduced and empirically tested the multi-level evolutionary model, which conceptualizes smart tourism development as a sequential process across four stages: knowledge, awareness, commitment, and action. The proposed framework was then validated based on a survey of 350 public and private tourism stakeholders in Andalusia (Spain) and partial least squares structural equation modelling analysis. The results confirmed significant and positive relationships between each stage and demonstrated that the adoption of smart tourism is not a one-time event but a gradual evolution requiring cumulative engagement. The findings provide empirical evidence that knowledge fosters awareness, awareness nurtures commitment, and commitment ultimately drives tangible actions towards smart tourism practices. The study offers actionable insights for destination managers and policymakers, while emphasizing the need for integrated strategies that align technological innovation, stakeholder participation, and sustainability goals to ensure the success of the smart destination transition.
- Destinationscape: an integrated and holistic conceptualizationPublication . Bender, Ana Carolina; Agapito, Dora Lúcia Miguel; Martins Guerreiro, Maria ManuelaDestinations are growingly acknowledged as dynamic entities requiring strategic resource management to provide value for stakeholders. In this sense, to be recognized as desirable places to visit, to live or to invest in, with a harmonious integration among the stakeholders, it is imperative to frame destinations’ distinctiveness using the experience marketing perspective. Through a combination of an integrative literature review and an academic panel with diverse expertise, this conceptual research aims to conceptualize and depict the environmental features composing destinationscape as a construct, considering the dynamic interplay of multiple ‘scapes’. As a result, the proposed conceptual framework comprises five second-order and 17 first-order dimensions. This research is expected to contribute to the theory around destination experience and experiencescape by offering a comprehensive view, where destinationscape emerges from continuous interactions between the destination’s external environment and its stakeholders. Consequently, this research contributes to destination competitiveness and governance by conceptualizing and providing a framework around destinationscape.
