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- The interplay of personality traits and early life experiences in predicting delinquent behaviorsPublication . Bonfá-Araujo, Bruno; Baptista, Makilim Nunes; Pechorro, Pedro; Maroco, João; Franco, Víthor Rosa; Nunes, Cristina; Jonason, Peter K.This study explores the interplay between family bonds, attachment styles, emotional regulation, dark personality traits, and delinquent behaviors. We assessed 336 Brazilians (M = 24.61, SD = 8.30), using network analysis. Participants were assessed using the Proposed Specifiers for Conduct Disorder, Parental Bonding Instrument, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, The Brazilian Adult Attachment Scale, The Short Dark Tetrad, and the Self-Report Delinquency Scale. Our findings suggest that attachment and family bonds influence emotional regulation, affecting delinquent behaviors. Dark personality traits are strong predictors of delinquent behaviors. We highlight the importance of early life experiences and personality in understanding delinquent and antisocial behaviors.
- Development and psychometric validation of an app-integrated questionnaire to assess healthy habits in children (Ages 8–11): implications for pediatric nursing practicePublication . Merino-Godoy, María Ángeles; Yot-Domínguez, Carmen; Conde-Jiménez, Jesús; Costa, Emília IsabelIntroduction: Promoting healthy habits in childhood is fundamental for fostering long-term well-being. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically validate an app-integrated instrument to assess knowledge, habits, and attitudes related to health in children aged 8–11, within the context of the MHealth intervention Healthy Jeart. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional design was used. An initial item pool underwent expert content validation before being administered to a sample of 623 children from primary education centers in Andalusia, Spain. Construct validity was examined through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results: The analyses supported a coherent four-factor structure comprising 21 items: (1) Use of technologies, (2) diet and growth, (3) psychological well-being, and (4) physical activity and well-being. The instrument demonstrated satisfactory model fit and internal consistency, providing a multidimensional assessment of children’s health-related behaviors. The sample was recruited from primary schools in Andalusia (Spain), which may limit the generalizability of the findings to other regions and cultural contexts. Conclusions: The validated instrument offers a reliable and efficient means of evaluating healthy habits in children aged 8–11, particularly when embedded within digital interventions such as Healthy Jeart. It represents a valuable tool for educators and pediatric nursing professionals working in school settings, enabling early identification of gaps in health literacy and supporting targeted interventions that promote holistic child well-being.
- Coupling geometric morphometrics and machine learning for mandibular sex estimation in late pleistocene and late modern populationsPublication . Godinho, Ricardo Miguel; Crevecoeur, Isabelle; Garcia, Susana; Whiting, Rebecca; Aramendi, JuliaAccurate sex estimation is crucial for studying both modern and ancient human populations, yet methods are often limited to well-preserved skeletons. Here, we combine Geometric Morphometrics (GM) and Machine Learning (ML) to assess mandibular sexual dimorphism and classify sex across a wide chronological and geographic range to bracket the potential of this approach. Sixty-seven individuals from the modern, identified Luis Lopes collection (Portugal) and 18 Late Pleistocene individuals from Jebel Sahaba (Sudan) were surface scanned. Anatomical landmark coordinates were extracted and analyzed with GM, and ML models were trained on a subset of the modern sample to predict sex in both the remaining modern individuals and the Late Pleistocene specimens. GM revealed significant sexual dimorphism in all samples, and ML achieved high intrapopulation classification accuracy. However, predictions were less reliable when applied across the temporally and geographically distant Jebel Sahaba population, reflecting interpopulation differences in mandibular size and shape. These results demonstrate that while GM-ML approaches are powerful tools for sex estimation within populations, caution is required when extending models to other populations.
- Origins of raw milk consumption in the Iberian Peninsula and Portuguese territory: archaeogenetics and zooarchaeologyPublication . Garcez Fernandes, Gonçalo; Valente, Maria João; Oliveira, Hugo; Fernandes Martins, Maria JoãoIn Europe, lactose tolerance after weaning (lactase persistence – LP) is determined by a single mutation in the MCM6 gene. The timing and mode of the emergence of raw milk consumption in Portuguese territory have not been addressed, despite its significance in Portuguese subsistence and culinary tradition. To identify the earliest instance of the LP mutation, we examined this locus in ancient DNA (aDNA) data from Iberian individuals spanning from the Palaeolithic to the Modern Age, available in the Allen Ancient DNA Resource database. Additionally, we reviewed zooarchaeological data on domesticated milk-producing species from bibliographic sources. In Iberia, the earliest occurrence of the LP mutation dates to the Early Bronze Age. The individual also carried the Y-chromosome Haplogroup R1b, typically associated with the hypothesised Yamnaya movement during this period. In Portugal, the first individual with LP dates to the Roman Period. Zooarchaeological data suggest that milk was consumed in small quantities in Portugal until the Roman Period. Milk production increased more significantly during the Middle Ages, but its impact on LP remains to be determined.
- Tourist mobility forecasting with region-based flows and hierarchical spatial tessellationPublication . Terroso-Saenz, Fernando; Morales-García, Juan; Puig-Cabrera, Miguel; Martinez-del Vas, Ginesa; Muñoz, AndresThis paper introduces a novel approach to tourist mobility prediction based on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) trained with general human mobility (GMD) data, evaluating its performance through multiple spatial scales. By using the Region of Murcia (Spain) as a case study, we demonstrate that enriching GNNs with GMD flows significantly improves prediction accuracy compared to univariate time-series models and CNNLSTM baselines. Specifically, the results reveal that incorporating the total number of visitors and overnight tourists in our model significantly improves the mobility prediction accuracy. In contrast, the benefits for including excursionist flows are limited to short-term forecasts only. Moreover, the improvement in tourist flow prediction is more evident at coarser spatial scales compared to finer municipal areas, suggesting that the utility of GMD is dependent on the spatial granularity of the target region. These findings can be leveraged to inform policy-making and large-scale tourism management.
- A cidade romana de Ossonoba nos inícios da nossa Era: novos dados a partir da intervenção na rua Ivens, n.º 16Publication . Correia, Francisco Rosa; Martins, Ana; BERNARDES, João PedroNos trabalhos arqueológicos, decorridos em 2020 em contexto de obra, no imóvel n.º 16 da Rua Ivens (Faro) foram encontrados contextos de cronologia romana cujo estudo do espólio, focado quer nas cerâmicas, quer nas faunas, nos permite acrescentar novos dados ao conhecimento da cidade romana de Ossonoba. A diversidade deste espólio, que se apresenta bastante homogéneo em termos cronológicos, é revelador da diversidade de contactos comerciais, assim como do cosmopolitismo da cidade nos períodos Flávio e Antonino. Datável sobretudo da segunda metade do século I até meados da centúria seguinte, apresenta se aqui o espólio cerâmico, faunístico e outro ali exumado, revelador de uma cidade marítima bem conectada com o mundo Mediterrâneo.