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- Gamification on mathematics engagement and motivation in secondary school and higher education: a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Ratinho, Elias; Figueiredo, Mauro; Estêvão, Maria Dulce da Mota Antunes de Oliveira ; Faísca, Luís; Martins, CátiaThis systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of gamification on students’ motivation and engagement in mathematics at the secondary and higher education levels. A literature search (April 2025) followed by an updated search (November 2025) across ten databases identified 45 studies for qualitative synthesis and 11 for meta-analysis. The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines with a pre-registered protocol, and study quality was appraised with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Meta-analytic results using a three-level Correlated and Hierarchical Effects model with robust variance estimation showed a significant small-to-moderate positive effect on motivation (g = .383, 95% CI [.11, .66], p = .0218). Motivation was assessed more consistently than engagement that could not be included in the meta-analysis due to the lack of validated measures. The systematic review indicates that gamification supports motivation and engagement, with only four studies reporting negative effects. Most interventions used digital platforms (e.g., Kahoot!; Classcraft) and common game elements such as points, leaderboards and instant feedback. Overall, gamification appears promising for enhancing motivation and engagement in mathematics when designs are aligned with students’ needs, balancing competition with mastery and cooperation. Therefore, educators should limit excessive competition and prioritize personal progress and cooperative tasks that foster social interaction. Future studies should employ validated measures, larger samples, and examine both motivation and engagement to strengthen the evidence base and guide effective implementation in education.
- Deception volcano (Antarctica): an example of advances on ground displacement surveillance in extreme and isolated environments using GNSS satellitesPublication . Pérez-Peña, Alejandro; Prates, Gonçalo; Gil, Amós De; Rosado, Belén; Fernandez-Ros, Alberto; Pecci, Luis Miguel; Gárate, Jorge; Ramirez-Zelaya, Javier; Gonzalez-Bielsa, Carlos; Jiménez, Vanessa; Berrocoso, ManuelDeception Island is an active, caldera-forming volcano whose surveillance is critically constrained by its extreme Antarctic isolation, scarce resources and limited seasonal human access. This study addresses these challenges by presenting an innovative Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) geodetic surveillance framework specifically adapted for such a remote environment. Our approach establishes a key operational distinction between non-real-time monitoring and near-real-time surveillance via a semi-continuous wireless network. We effectively resolve the inherent trade-off between promptness and precision by applying signal enhancement methods (e.g. Kalman filtering) to maintain millimetric accuracy in deformation detection, even when utilizing the high sampling rates (1 Hz) essential for rapid assessment. The resulting model allows for the rigorous isolation of the local volcanic signal from the complex regional tectonic kinematics. Crucially, data analysis reveals recurrent 3 year cycles of inflation and deflation in the magmatic system, strongly correlated with seismicity, which validates ground deformation as a reliable volcanic precursor. The primary practical advance is the validation of a dual-term hazard forecasting system: 1) mid-term (months) forecasts based on long-term time-series analysis to facilitate safe inter-campaign operations and 2) short-term (days) forecasting during periods of unrest using ground displacement acceleration, complemented by a magma injection model to predict the spatial location of potential vent openings. This validated and technologically adjusted framework provides an optimized and transferable template for continuous geodetic surveillance in other isolated, active polar volcanoes.