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- Intermittent hypoxia training remodels the hepatic mitochondrial network and upregulates ANT expression to enhance hypoxia tolerance in Micropterus salmoidesPublication . Liu, Hao; Zhang, Dongmei; Hu, Yifan; Yan, Haoxiao; Luo, Weizhe; He, Kuo; Zhang, Zhenghui; Yang, Hangyu; Power, Deborah Mary; Canario, Adelino; Liu, Qiao; Yang, Song; Zhao, LiulanOxygen is critical for life, and aquatic organisms are especially susceptible to hypoxic stress caused by environmental fluctuations. However, the mechanisms underpinning their tolerance to hypoxia remain poorly understood. Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is widely distributed across a range of freshwater ecosystems and has significant economic and ecological value. Low oxygen has become a key limiting factor in the aquaculture of this species. This study examined the impact of intermittent hypoxia training (IHT) on hypoxia tolerance of largemouth bass by simulating the daily fluctuations in dissolved oxygen typical of natural aquatic environments. We found that IHT increased the hypoxic tolerance of largemouth bass by activating adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) which mediated Ca2+ influx and cellular resistance to hypoxia. Inhibition of ANT compromised hypoxia tolerance by reducing hypoxia-induced mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation and mitochondrial quality control. Additionally, ANT inhibition upregulated the expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis. These findings highlight a key relationship between ANT and mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling in response to hypoxia, providing insights into the mechanism that enhances tolerance to hypoxia in largemouth bass.
- Use of aquatic organisms as flagship species in selecting priority areas for conservationPublication . Guerrero-Moreno, Mayerly Alexandra; Silva, Everton Cruz da; Oliveira, Fernando Abreu; Nascimento, Ana Caroline Leal; Michelan, Thaisa Sala; Dias-Silva, Karina; Teodosio, Maria; Jr, James Ferreira Moura; Oliveira-Junior, José Max Barbosa; Juen, LeandroFlagship species are widely used to garner support for conservation, but the selection of these taxa often overlooks ecological, social, and cultural criteria, which may limit the effectiveness of conservation efforts in priority areas. Furthermore, this approach often fails to adequately reflect the importance of ecosystems. A notable example is the undervaluation of aquatic environments, which are frequently neglected or assessed using terrestrial groups whose characteristics and requirements do not necessarily align with the specific demands of these ecosystems. In light of this, we conducted a scientometric analysis to map the scientific literature on the use of aquatic organisms as flagship species for selecting priority conservation areas, highlighting global trends and gaps. A total of 400 articles published between 1997 and 2024 were analyzed from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The highest number of articles published was in 2021 (n = 46; 11.5 %). Australia (n = 49) and Brazil (n = 34) were the countries most frequently studied. The most frequently researched areas were marine/ coastal protected areas (43.75 %) and unprotected natural areas (42.50 %). More than 80 % of the flagship species belonged to the phylum Chordata, with notable representation from Actinopterygii (bony fishes; 43.58 %) and Mammalia (20.18 %). The most commonly used taxon selection criteria were “conservation status” (57.17 %) and “charisma and emblematic value” (15.80 %). Despite the representation of marine ecosystems (58.63 %), freshwater habitats such as rivers (16.78 %), lakes (4.96 %), and streams (4.26 %) remain underrepresented. The most frequently employed research methods and response metrics were “abundance and density” (39.04 %) and “monitoring and observation” (38.32 %). We identified a significant bias favoring marine ecosystems and charismatic taxa, neglecting freshwater habitats and less visible but ecologically important groups. We emphasize the need to diversify conservation strategies by adopting more inclusive approaches that encompass the full range of aquatic biodiversity and habitats, particularly those that are underrepresented. Such diversification is essential for strengthening public policies and practices aimed at protecting critical ecosystems and ensuring global environmental sustainability.