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- Validation of the Portuguese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-PT)Publication . João, Karine; Brandolim Becker, Nathália; Jesus, Saúl; Santos Martins, Rute IsabelThe present study was realised to validate the Portuguese version of the PSQI. The instrument PSQI-PT was applied to 347 Portuguese community -dwelling adults aged 18-69 years old. The resulting data was used to perform the psychometric analysis to validate the instrument. No structural modifications to the questionnaire were necessary during the adaptation process. The scores for the PSQI-PT showed an adequate internal consistency. The principal component analysis (PCA) produced good factor loading for all items. Finally, the analysis of demographic variables showed that age and literacy influence the values for the "Global Sleep Quality" (GSQ) in this Portuguese sample. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the PSQI-PT is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of sleep quality with the advantage of allowing community -dwelling adults differentiation between good and poor sleepers.
- Sleep quality and mental healthPublication . João, Karine; Jesus, SaulSleep is an essential behavior for life and obeys to a complex biological, psychological, social and cultural process with multiple implications in the quality of life of individuals. Sleep quality has been investigated dramatically in the past 20 years because of its role in the physical and mental health of clinical populations, as well as, in the search of more normative values in non-clinical populations. Still, although there has been an increasing interest on the implications of sleep on health, the empirical evidences with non-clinical populations are almost nonexistent. These investigation´s main objectives were to analyze the impact of sleep quality on the depression, anxiety and stress (mental health indicators) of a non-clinical population, and to evaluate if the relationship between these variables is moderated by gender, age and country of origin. A total of 1552 participants from three different countries (Portugal, Spain and Brazil) answered to a questionnaire with two different validated instruments which measure sleep quality and mental health indicators. The obtained results confirmed the initially proposed hypothesis. We attested that sleep quality has a significant impact on the mental health indicators. As well, we verified that the relationship between sleep quality and the mental health indicators in study (depression, anxiety and stress) is only moderated by the country of origin. In accordance with our main results and conclusions we outlined some strategies to promote awareness and early interventions on quality of sleep, targeting the specificity of each population/individual.
- Depression and sleep quality in older adults: a meta-analysis.Publication . Brandolim Becker, Nathália; Jesus, Saúl; João, Karine; Viseu, J.; Martins, RuteThe literature emphasizes depression and poor sleep quality as problems that affect many elderly individuals. However, these problems have been related in few studies and there is no meta-analysis performed so far on this relationship. The present research reviewed the studies performed on the subjective sleep quality in order to understand how it relates to depression in older adults. The review was conducted in January 2016 and comprised publications between 2005 and 2015. Based on the electronic databases Web of Science and EBSCO, we used the keywords 'sleep quality', 'depression', and 'older' to identify the empirical studies performed. After assessing the collected studies, we selected those that presented the elderly as participants, resulting in nine papers (N=3069). A random-effects method was used to evaluate the relationship between depression and sleep. We found that an older person's lack of good sleep quality is significantly related with depression. The main limitation of this study was the difficulty in collecting a greater number of studies. Future research should consider the importance of additional variables (e.g. moderators) in order to understand and investigate viable interventions for prevention and health promotion in the elderly.