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- Stroke-associated cortical deafness: a systematic review of clinical and radiological characteristicsPublication . Silva, Gracinda; Gonçalves, Rita; Taveira, Isabel; Mouzinho, Maria; Osório, Rui; Nzwalo, HipólitoBackground: Stroke is the leading cause of cortical deafness (CD), the most severe form of central hearing impairment. CD remains poorly characterized and perhaps underdiagnosed. We perform a systematic review to describe the clinical and radiological features of stroke-associated CD. Methods: PubMed and the Web of Science databases were used to identify relevant publications up to 30 June 2021 using the MeSH terms: “deafness” and “stroke”, or “hearing loss” and “stroke” or “auditory agnosia” and “stroke”. Results: We found 46 cases, caused by bilateral lesions within the central auditory pathway, mostly located within or surrounding the superior temporal lobe gyri and/or the Heschl’s gyri (30/81%). In five (13.51%) patients, CD was caused by the subcortical hemispheric and in two (0.05%) in brainstem lesions. Sensorineural hearing loss was universal. Occasionally, a misdiagnosis by peripheral or psychiatric disorders occurred. A few (20%) had clinical improvement, with a regained oral conversation or evolution to pure word deafness (36.6%). A persistent inability of oral communication occurred in 43.3%. A full recovery of conversation was restricted to patients with subcortical lesions. Conclusions: Stroke-associated CD is rare, severe and results from combinations of cortical and subcortical lesions within the central auditory pathway. The recovery of functional hearing occurs, essentially, when caused by subcortical lesions.
- Reabilitação de paralisia facial periférica unilateral em Guillain-Barré: estudo de casoPublication . Gonçalves, Rita; Veríssimo, Gonçalo; Afonso, Maria Alexandra; Malaia, LuísAs paralisias faciais podem ter uma multiplicidade de etiologias, contudo têm em comum o impacto negativo não só para as funções do sistema estomatognático, como também na autoimagem e expressão emocional. O presente artigo tem como objetivo a descrição de um estudo de caso relativo a uma paralisia facial periférica unilateral na sequência de Síndrome de Guillain-Barré. Pretende-se deste modo a partilha de experiência em termos de avaliação e intervenção neste tipo de alterações e a apresentação do respetivo resultado funcional. Ressalta-se, também, o importante papel da equipa interdisciplinar (composta por médico fisiatra, fisioterapeuta, fonoaudiólogo, terapeuta ocupacional e equipa de enfermagem) enquanto catalisador para a evolução e na gestão de eventuais intercorrências. Salienta-se, ainda, a importância da integração do paciente enquanto membro da equipa de reabilitação, empoderando-o e responsabilizando-o pelo sucesso da intervenção.
- Autistic vs. control differences in MRI scan quality across ABIDE-II sitesPublication . Pinheiro, João; Afonso, Beatriz; Seiça, Emanuel Cortesão de; Gonçalves, Rita; Ribeiro, Luís; Reis, JoanaBackground: Head motion and variability in scan quality remain major methodological challenges in autism neuroimaging. Large multi-site datasets such as ABIDE-II provide a unique opportunity to systematically quantify diagnostic differences in MRI data quality and assess the influence of site-level heterogeneity. Methods: Functional MRI Quality Assessment Protocol (QAP) metrics were combined with phenotypic data from ABIDE-II. Participants were classified as autistic (ASD) or typically developing (TD). Key quality metrics—including mean framewise displacement (mFD), proportion of volumes exceeding 0.20 mm (FD > 0.20), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and entropy focus criterion (EFC)—were analyzed alongside age, sex, IQ, and site. Group differences were evaluated using non parametric tests and linear mixed-effects models with site as a random factor. Additional analyses examined site-level heterogeneity and the impact of quality-control (QC) thresh olds on sample composition. Results: The final sample included 1277 participants (579 ASD; 698 TD) across 14 sites. ASD participants exhibited significantly greater head motion (median mFD = 0.101 vs. 0.081 mm; p < 1 × 10−10) and modest reductions in signal quality (lower SNR, higher EFC). Elevated motion in ASD was observed in 12 of 14 sites, although effect sizes varied substantially. Mixed-effects models confirmed that diagnosis remained a significant predictor of motion after adjusting for covariates. In contrast, signal-quality differences were small and largely explained by site effects. Simulated QC procedures disproportionately excluded ASD participants, with exclusion rates up to 31% compared to 18% in TD. Conclusions: ASD participants show consistently higher head motion, while signal-quality differences are minimal and largely site-driven. Standard QC procedures disproportionately exclude ASD individuals, highlighting the need for improved motion handling and more balanced quality-control strategies in multi-site studies.