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- Comment on “The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on rectal ulcers after Argon plasma coagulation”Publication . Cunha Neves, João A.; Roseira, Joana; Queirós, Patrícia; Tavares de Sousa, HelenaDear Editor, We read with great interest the paper by Laranjo et al. [1] entitled “The Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Rectal Ulcers after Argon Plasma Coagulation.” The authors reported the case of a patient with chronic radiation proctitis, who developed rectal ulcers after endoscopic treatment with argon plasma coagulation (APC) and was successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO). Although it is well established that HBO therapy is an effective alternative treatment for patients with radiation-induced rectal ulcers and severe chronic proctitis [2, 3], its application has not been described as a treatment option in APC-induced rectal ulcers. We acknowledge the authors’ awareness of HBO as an option for complications induced by conventional chronic proctitis treatments and we would like to share our experience on this particular matter. A 72-year-old female patient was admitted to our Emergency Department with rectal bleeding, acute anal pain, and iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin 10.7 g/dL). She had a past medical history of endometrial carcinoma treated with radio- and brachytherapy 2 years before. Total colonoscopy revealed multiple bleeding rectal radiation-induced telangiectasias. Medical treatment with topical salicylates and sucralfate for 8 months was unsuccessful and APC therapy (45 W; 1.5 L/min gas flow) every 4 weeks was initiated. The patient was submitted to a total of 6 APC sessions, with an overall endoscopic improvement between the first and third sessions. However, amidst the fourth and sixth APC sessions, the patient developed multiple APC-induced ulcers and an ulcerated stenosis of the distal rectum.
- Molecular detection of multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in helicobacter pylori-positive gastric samples from patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with gastric biopsy in Algarve, PortugalPublication . Nunes, Francisco José Viegas Cortez; Aguieiras, Catarina; Calhindro, Mauro; Louro, Ricardo; Peixe, Bruno; Queirós, Patrícia; Castelo-Branco, Pedro; Mateus, Teresa LetraBackground/Objectives: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common gastric pathogen linked to gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. Rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses challenges for effective treatment and has prompted the WHO to classify H. pylori as a high-priority pathogen. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of AMR genes in H. pylori-positive gastric samples from patients in Algarve, Portugal, where regional data is scarce. Methods: Eighteen H. pylori-positive gastric biopsy samples from patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were analyzed. PCR and sequencing were used to identify genes associated with resistance to amoxicillin (Pbp1A), metronidazole (rdxA, frxA), tetracycline (16S rRNA mutation) and clarithromycin (23S rRNA). Sequence identity and homologies were verified using tBLASTx and the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD). Results: Out of the 18 H. pylori-positive samples, 16 (88.9%) contained at least one AMR gene. The most frequent genes were rdxA (83.3%) and frxA (66.7%) for metronidazole resistance, and the 16S rRNA mutation (66.7%) for tetracycline. Resistance to amoxicillin and clarithromycin was detected in 27.8% and 16.7% of cases, respectively. Most samples (72.2%) had multiple resistance genes. A significantly strong association was found between female sex and the presence of the rdxA gene (p = 0.043). Conclusions: The study reveals a high prevalence of H. pylori resistance genes in Algarve, particularly against metronidazole and tetracycline. These findings highlight the need for local surveillance and tailored treatment strategies. Further research with larger populations is warranted to assess regional resistance patterns and improve eradication efforts.