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Special issue on advances in marine biotechnology: exploitation of Halophyte plants

Publication . Pereira, Catarina Guerreiro

Halophyte (salt tolerant) plants encompass roughly 1% of the world’s plant species that can thrive in a multitude of saline biotopes, where glycophytes (non-salt tolerant) cannot [1,2]. They are highly resistant to the abiotic constraints characteristic of saline ecosystems, such as salinity, drought, extreme temperatures, and UV radiation, having evolved specialized morphological and physiological adaptations in response to the challenges of living in such harsh conditions [1,3]. The response mechanisms to handle abiotic stress include the synthesis and accumulation of bioactive metabolites, like phenolic compounds, terpenoids, vitamins, etc. These molecules are usually powerful antioxidants but can display other biological activities such as enzyme inhibition, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, and antitumoral activities, among others, thus granting halophytes with potential biotechnological applications for the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries

2022-10-19Journal article

Open Access

Nutritional and phyto-therapeutic value of the Halophyte Cladium mariscus L. (Pohl.): a special focus on seeds

Publication . Rodrigues, Maria João; L, Custódio; Mecha, Débora; Zengin, Gokhan; Cziáky, Zoltán; Sotkó, Gyula; Pereira, Catarina Guerreiro

This work searched for the phyto-therapeutic potential and nutritional value of seeds from the halophyte Cladium mariscus L. (Pohl.), aiming at its use as a source of bioactive ingredients for the food industry. Hence, the nutritional profile, including minerals, of seeds biomass was determined; food-grade samples were prepared, and their phytochemical fingerprinting assessed. Extracts were evaluated for in vitro antioxidant potential, inhibitory capacity towards enzymes related to neuroprotection, diabetes, and hyperpigmentation, and anti-inflammatory properties, along with a toxicological assessment. Sawgrass seeds can be considered a proper nutritional source with a good supply of minerals. All extracts had a high level of total phenolics (65.3–394.4 mg GAE/g DW) and showed a chemically rich and diverse profile of metabolites that have several biological properties described (e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory). Extracts had no significant toxicity (cell viabilities > 80%) and were overall strong antioxidants (particularly at radical scavenging and reducing iron), effective tyrosinase inhibitors (55–71 mg KAE/g DW), showed anti-inflammatory properties (30–60% NO decrease), and had moderate capacity to inhibit enzymes related to neuroprotection (AChE 3.7–4.2, BChE 4.3–6.0 mg GALE/g DW) and diabetes (α-glucosidase 1.0–1.1, α-amylase 0.8–1.1 mmol ACAE/g). Altogether, results suggest that sawgrass seeds have the potential to be exploited as a new food product and are a reservoir of bioactive molecules with prospective applications as ingredients for value-added, functional, and/or preservative food products

2022-10-29Journal article

Open Access