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West versus East Mediterranean Sea: origin and genetic differentiation of the sea cucumber Holothuria polii
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
We studied the genetic structure of the sea cucumber Holothuria (Roweothuria)
polii (Delle Chiaje 1823) by analysing the mitochondrial DNA variation in two
fragments of cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and 16S genes. Individuals were collected
in seven locations along the Mediterranean Sea, which cover a wide
range of the species distribution. We found high haplotype diversity for COI
and moderate diversity for 16S, and low nucleotide diversity for both genes.
Our results for the COI gene showed many recent and exclusive haplotypes
with few mutational changes, suggesting recent or ongoing population expansion.
The Western and Eastern Mediterranean populations exhibited slight but
significant genetic differentiation (COI gene) with higher genetic diversity in
the East. The most ancient haplotype was not present in the westernmost sampling
location (SE Spain). The oldest expansion time was observed in Turkey,
corresponding to mid-Pleistocene. Turkey had also the highest genetic diversity
(number of total and exclusive haplotypes, polymorphisms, haplotype and
nucleotide diversity). This suggests that this region could be the origin of the
subsequent colonizations through the Mediterranean Sea, a hypothesis that
should be assessed with nuclear markers in future research.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Beche-de-mer Colonization Expansion Genetic structure Holothuria polii Mitochondrial DNA
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Wiley