CCM2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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- A systematic review of the current state of marine functional connectivity researchPublication . Tanner, Susanne E.; Sturrock, Anna M.; Öztürk, Rafet Ç.; Smoliński, Szymon; Terzi, Yahya; Reis-Santos, Patrick; Barboza, Francisco R.; Blanco, Andreu; Borsa, Philippe; Castilho, Rita; Costantini, Federica; Feyzioğlu, A. Muzaffer; Guizien, Katell; Guy-Haim, Tamar; Kaplan, David M.; Kotta, Jonne; Lett, Christophe; Martinho, Filipe; Nanninga, Gerrit B.; Pérez-Ruzafa, Angel; Rinkevich, Baruch; Walther, Benjamin D; Darnaude, Audrey M.Marine functional connectivity underpins biodiversity and ecosystem functions, en suring resilience in marine and land–sea interface ecosystems. Research on this topic has ad vanced rapidly in recent decades, as reflected in the growing body of primary literature and the increasing number of reviews covering a variety of topics and methodologies. Here, we systematically extracted and analysed information from 215 reviews across the entire field to synthesize the current state of marine functional connectivity research, highlighting the main topics, methods, taxa, geographic areas, and future research priorities. Word co-occurrence and network analyses revealed imbalances in review topics, with certain habitats (e.g. coral reefs), taxa (e.g. fish), and geo graphic areas (e.g. North Atlantic) receiving disproportionate attention. These disparities likely arise from variations in funding, field site accessibility, public interest, and/or delays in adopting new concepts and methodologies. Research priorities were broadly grouped into 2 themes: (1) ‘Methods’, highlighting the need to integrate and advance sampling, modelling, and ana lysis techniques, and (2) ‘Ecology and Application’, stressing the need to understand connectivity drivers, particularly the impacts of climate change, and to integrate connectivity knowledge into marine conservation and management. There was also a third overarching theme emphasizing the importance of expanding spatial and temporal coverage of connectivity knowledge and data by embracing new technologies, growing collaborative networks and targeting understudied habitats, areas, and taxa. Tackling the identified research priorities will further improve our ability to quantify connectivity patterns and drivers, and facilitate efforts to actively apply this knowledge and data in marine management and conservation.
- Chemosensory-driven behavior in fishesPublication . Hubbard, PeterLike most animals, but unlike humans, the chemosensory systems of fishes are vital for many important behaviors, such as food-search, predator avoidance and reproduction. However, as fishes live in water, the chemicals that they detect often differ from terrestrial animals, and many remain unidentified. In fishes, olfaction and gustation are more anatomically and functionally separate than in mammals, although still overlapping, and fishes also have single chemosensory cells and CO2 and O2 detectors in the gills. Given the diversity of fishes, and their life-histories and habitats, it is difficult to generalize about the role of chemosensory systems in their behavior. Nevertheless, this article will attempt to do so.
- Establishing the ELIXIR microbiome communityPublication . Finn, Robert D.; Balech, Bachir; Burgin, Josephine; Chua, Physilia; Corre, Erwan; Cox, Cymon; Donati, Claudio; Santos, Vitor Martins dos; Fosso, Bruno; Hancock, John; Heil, Katharina F.; Ishaque, Naveed; Kale, Varsha; Kunath, Benoit J.; Médigue, Claudine; Nogueira, Teresa; Pafilis, Evangelos; Pesole, Graziano; Richardson, Lorna; Santamaria, Monica; Strepis, Nikolaos; Bossche, Tim Van Den; Vizcaíno, Juan Antonio; Zafeiropoulos, Haris; Willassen, Nils P.; Pelletier, Eric; Batut, BéréniceMicrobiome research has grown substantially over the past decade in terms of the range of biomes sampled, identified taxa, and the volume of data derived from the samples. In particular, experimental approaches such as metagenomics, metabarcoding, metatranscriptomics and metaproteomics have provided profound insights into the vast, hitherto unknown, microbial biodiversity. The ELIXIR Marine Metagenomics Community, initiated amongst researchers focusing on marine microbiomes, has concentrated on promoting standards around microbiome-derived sequence analysis, as well as understanding the gaps in methods and reference databases, and identifying solutions to the computational overheads of performing such analyses. Nevertheless, the methods used and the challenges faced are not confined to marine microbiome studies, but are broadly applicable to other biomes. Thus, expanding this Marine Metagenomics Community to a more inclusive ELIXIR Microbiome Community will enable it to encompass a broader range of biomes and link expertise across ‘omics technologies. Furthermore, engaging with a large number of researchers will improve the efficiency and sustainability of bioinformatics infrastructure and resources for microbiome research (standards, data, tools, workflows, training), which will enable a deeper understanding of the function and taxonomic composition of the different microbial communities.
- Temperature-driven suitability shifts of sea lice species under climate change and the implications for salmon farmingPublication . Mackintosh, Amy Leigh; Assis, Jorge; Costello, Mark JohnSalmonids are the most valuable marine aquaculture family, worth approximately US$26.2 billion in 2022. However, the industry’s economic value is threatened by sea lice infestations, which can cause production losses and require expensive treatments to control. Climate change is driving distribution shifts in many marine species, including a potential poleward movement for several parasites. Currently, only the distribution response of the Chilean sea louse Caligus rogercresseyi has been examined under climate change conditions, while other harmful sea lice species remain unassessed. Here, we use a maximum entropy model to project the current and future thermal suitability of Lepeophtheirus salmonis, C. elongatus, and C. rogercresseyi under 3 climate change scenarios: SSP1-1.9, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5. The species’ thermal niches are similar, with preferred mean temperature ranges of 7.1 to 11.1°C for L. salmonis, 6.8 to 11.9°C for C. elongatus, and 11.0 to 12.8°C for C. rogercresseyi. Thermal suitability for all 3 species shifts and intensifies polewards under progressively warmer climate scenarios. As ocean warming also facilitates poleward range shifts of many salmonid species, the overlap in host and parasite distributions indicates that salmon aquaculture at higher latitudes could face increasing lice infestations and associated challenges.
- Use of aquatic organisms as flagship species in selecting priority areas for conservationPublication . Guerrero-Moreno, Mayerly Alexandra; Silva, Everton Cruz da; Oliveira, Fernando Abreu; Nascimento, Ana Caroline Leal; Michelan, Thaisa Sala; Dias-Silva, Karina; Teodosio, Maria; Jr, James Ferreira Moura; Oliveira-Junior, José Max Barbosa; Juen, LeandroFlagship species are widely used to garner support for conservation, but the selection of these taxa often overlooks ecological, social, and cultural criteria, which may limit the effectiveness of conservation efforts in priority areas. Furthermore, this approach often fails to adequately reflect the importance of ecosystems. A notable example is the undervaluation of aquatic environments, which are frequently neglected or assessed using terrestrial groups whose characteristics and requirements do not necessarily align with the specific demands of these ecosystems. In light of this, we conducted a scientometric analysis to map the scientific literature on the use of aquatic organisms as flagship species for selecting priority conservation areas, highlighting global trends and gaps. A total of 400 articles published between 1997 and 2024 were analyzed from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The highest number of articles published was in 2021 (n = 46; 11.5 %). Australia (n = 49) and Brazil (n = 34) were the countries most frequently studied. The most frequently researched areas were marine/ coastal protected areas (43.75 %) and unprotected natural areas (42.50 %). More than 80 % of the flagship species belonged to the phylum Chordata, with notable representation from Actinopterygii (bony fishes; 43.58 %) and Mammalia (20.18 %). The most commonly used taxon selection criteria were “conservation status” (57.17 %) and “charisma and emblematic value” (15.80 %). Despite the representation of marine ecosystems (58.63 %), freshwater habitats such as rivers (16.78 %), lakes (4.96 %), and streams (4.26 %) remain underrepresented. The most frequently employed research methods and response metrics were “abundance and density” (39.04 %) and “monitoring and observation” (38.32 %). We identified a significant bias favoring marine ecosystems and charismatic taxa, neglecting freshwater habitats and less visible but ecologically important groups. We emphasize the need to diversify conservation strategies by adopting more inclusive approaches that encompass the full range of aquatic biodiversity and habitats, particularly those that are underrepresented. Such diversification is essential for strengthening public policies and practices aimed at protecting critical ecosystems and ensuring global environmental sustainability.
- Description of two new Apseudopsis species (A. larnacensis sp. nov and A. salinus sp. nov.) (Tanaidacea: Crustacea) from the Mediterranean and a biogeographic overview of the genusPublication . Stępień, Anna; Jóźwiak, Piotr; Gómez, Sergio C. Garcia; Avramidi, Eleni; Grammatiki, Kleopatra; Lymperaki, Myrsini; Küpper, Frithjof C.; Esquete, PatriciaThe Mediterranean Sea is recognized as one of the most threatened marine environments due to pollution, the unintentional spread of invasive species, and habitat destruction. Understanding the biodiversity patterns within this sea is crucial for effective resource management and conservation planning. During a research cruise aimed at assessing biodiversity near desalination plants in the vicinity of Larnaca, Cyprus, conducted as part of the WATER-MINING project (Horizon 2020), specimens of the tanaidacean genus Apseudopsis were collected. These were classified into two species, identified as new to science, and are described herein as Apseudopsis larnacensis sp. nov and Apseudopsis salinus sp. nov. Apseudopsis larnacensis sp. nov is distinguished from its congeners by the presence of a lateral apophysis on pleonite 5, which is longer than those on pleonites 1–4, hyposphenia on pereonites 2–6, and six ventral spines on the propodus of pereopod 1. Apseudopsis salinus sp. nov. is characterized by a rounded posterolateral margin on pereonite 6, hyposphenia on pereonites 1–6, and four ventral spines on the propodus of pereopod 1. An updated key to the Atlantic and Mediterranean Apseudopsis species is provided. This study provides an overview of the distribution, bathymetric, and habitat preference of all known Apseudopsis species. Data extracted from the literature and two popular online databases were analyzed to identify diversity patterns across seas and ecoregions. Our analysis reveals that the Mediterranean is the most diverse region for Apseudopsis, with the Levantine Sea hosting ten species and the South European Atlantic Shelf seven species. Shallow waters and muddy and sandy habitats are conducive for Apseudopsis occurrence.
- Contribution to the Iberian thermomediterranean oak woods (Spain, Portugal): the importance of their teaching for the training of experts in environmental managementPublication . Cano, E.; Piñar Fuentes, J. C.; Cano Ortiz, A.; Quinto Canas, Ricardo; Rodrigues Meireles, C.; Mauro, R.; Pinto Gomes, C. J.; Spampinato, G.; Musarella, C. M.The study of the holm oak forests of the lower and upper mesomediterranean of the south of the Iberian Peninsula, and new syntaxons of holm oak forests not assigned until now are contributed. The plant dynamics is provided and completed, and the importance of the learning of plant description and dynamics by university students, future environmental managers, is specified. Taking into account the strong anthropic action with the consequent destruction of holm oak forests, it is necessary to enhance the knowledge of plant dynamics to decipher the potential vegetation, and to be able to apply the vegetation series as a basis for agronomic and forestry management. In this work, we propose a new vegetation series. We propose the association Aristolochio baeticae-Quercetum rotundifoliae nova for the biogeographic sector Granadino-Almijarense (Montes de Málaga) and as a first dynamic stage of the microforest of Olea europea var. sylvestris obtained by deforestation. The study of the Iberian olive groves allows us to propose two new associations Aristolochio baeticae-Oleetum sylvestris and Ephedro fragilis-Oleetum sylvestris.
- Prevalence of microplastics in agricultural soils in southern PortugalPublication . Bellouk, H.; Beltrán, I. Marín; Raouan, S. Er; Sousa, V. Serrão; Zaitan, H.; Reis, Mário; A. Ismail; Nunes, LuísMicroplastic contamination in soils is increasingly being recognised worldwide, yet Mediterranean agricultural systems remain poorly investigated. This work provides the first dataset of microplastic pollution in agricultural soils from Portugal, focusing on associations between polymer types and land-use history across four areas from a local farm with different agricultural practices. We collected 20 soil samples (five per zone). Each sample was processed in duplicate, yielding 40 analytical units. These were collected across four zones of a Cucurbitaceae farm in the Algarve region and analysed following conventional protocols to minimise cross-contamination. Concentrations ranged from 0 to 320 particles/kg, with a median of 80 particles/kg. Eight polymer types were identified, mainly polypropylene (PP, 31%), polyester (PES, 19%), and polyethylene (PE, 15%). Fibres were the most dominant (54%), followed by films and fragments, with the majority of particles ranging from 100 to 500 μm. White and transparent particles accounted for half of the observations. The polymer composition and particle morphologies differed across the four areas, consistent with their documented land-use histories and distinct levels of plastic use. These contrasts indicate that each zone exhibits a specific microplastic signature that reflects the intensity and type of agricultural practices applied over time. The study is limited by its farm-scale scope and the focus on surface soils (0–5 cm), yet it provides a robust baseline for future large-scale investigations in Mediterranean agricultural systems. While causal links cannot be firmly established, the results provide valuable insights into potential agricultural drivers of soil contamination in Mediterranean systems and highlight the need for improved plastic management in agriculture.
- Seascape genetic study on Laminaria digitata underscores the critical role of sampling schemesPublication . Fouqueau, L.; Reynes, L.; Tempera, F.; Bajjouk, T.; Blanfuné, A.; Chevalier, C.; Laurans, M.; Mauger, S.; Sourisseau, M.; Assis, Jorge; Lévêque, L.; Valero, M.Understanding connectivity patterns in endangered species living in fragmented habitats is fundamental to improve management and conservation actions. Such improvements can be particularly pressing at trailing edges where populations are facing the greatest challenges of climate change, and appear all the more crucial if the species is commercially harvested. Seascape genetics have been increasingly used to meet these needs. In this study, we examined connectivity patterns among 32 populations located at the southern range limit of the oarweed kelp Laminaria digitata. Our populations were sampled in a roughly continuous manner, with the distance between neighboring populations ranging from a few km to about a few hundreds. By genotyping 11 microsatellite markers, our aim was to (1) refine analyses of population structure, (2) test whether on-shelf islands are genetically more differentiated compared to mainland populations, (3) evaluate the relative importance of various abiotic conditions in shaping the genetic structure and (4) evaluate if the relative importance of each environmental factor varied according to sampling schemes. Our analyses revealed a positive relation between connectivity links and genetic diversity: populations with high levels of connectivity were genetically enriched while isolated populations showed signs of genetic erosion. The genetically impoverished populations corresponded to the southernmost populations as well as populations along the northern coast of Brittany (Locquirec, Saint-Malo Bay) and the northernmost population in Pas-de-Calais. By performing db-RDA on various sampling schemes, geographic distance appeared as the dominant factor influencing connectivity between populations separated by great distances, while hydrodynamic processes were the main factor when analyzing continuously distributed 42 populations.
- Intermittent hypoxia training remodels the hepatic mitochondrial network and upregulates ANT expression to enhance hypoxia tolerance in Micropterus salmoidesPublication . Liu, Hao; Zhang, Dongmei; Hu, Yifan; Yan, Haoxiao; Luo, Weizhe; He, Kuo; Zhang, Zhenghui; Yang, Hangyu; Power, Deborah Mary; Canario, Adelino; Liu, Qiao; Yang, Song; Zhao, LiulanOxygen is critical for life, and aquatic organisms are especially susceptible to hypoxic stress caused by environmental fluctuations. However, the mechanisms underpinning their tolerance to hypoxia remain poorly understood. Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is widely distributed across a range of freshwater ecosystems and has significant economic and ecological value. Low oxygen has become a key limiting factor in the aquaculture of this species. This study examined the impact of intermittent hypoxia training (IHT) on hypoxia tolerance of largemouth bass by simulating the daily fluctuations in dissolved oxygen typical of natural aquatic environments. We found that IHT increased the hypoxic tolerance of largemouth bass by activating adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) which mediated Ca2+ influx and cellular resistance to hypoxia. Inhibition of ANT compromised hypoxia tolerance by reducing hypoxia-induced mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation and mitochondrial quality control. Additionally, ANT inhibition upregulated the expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis. These findings highlight a key relationship between ANT and mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling in response to hypoxia, providing insights into the mechanism that enhances tolerance to hypoxia in largemouth bass.