CCM2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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- Yeast species associated with industrial cultures of the marine microalgae tisochrysis lutea: temperature profiles and auxin productionPublication . Matos, Madalena; Fernandes, Mónica A.; Coelho, Natacha; Santos, Tamara; Varela, João; Rodrigues, Alexandre M. C.; Sá-Correia, IsabelThis study provides the first systematic characterization of culturable yeast diversity associated with large-scale cultivation of Tisochrysis lutea. This marine haptophyte is widely used in aquaculture for its high content of essential fatty acids, pigments, and other bioactive compounds. Culture sampling was conducted at Necton S.A. facilities (Olhão, Portugal) over full production cycles from 5 L flasks until tubular photobioreactors during the months of May and June. The study aimed to identify and isolate the present yeast species and evaluate their physiological traits relevant to potential co-cultivation strategies. All retained isolates belonged to the phylum Basidiomycota, with six species identified: Rhodotorula sphaerocarpa (45%), R. mucilaginosa (20%), R. diobovata (13%), Vishniacozyma carnescens (16%), Naganishia diffluens (3%), and Moesziomyces aphidis (3%). Temperature growth profiles (10–40 ◦C), tolerance to artificial sea water, and auxin production were characterized, revealing that, except for V. carnescens, the yeast isolates grow optimally at 25–30 ◦C, within the ideal range for T. lutea cultivation. Results suggest that some of these marine yeasts, particularly R. sphaerocarpa and R. mucilaginosa isolates, could serve as biological enhancers of algal productivity, in situ. This foundational work supports future efforts to develop targeted yeast management or co-cultivation strategies, with the goal of improving biomass yield and metabolite production in industrial T. lutea photobioreactors.
- An artificial selection procedure enriches for known and suspected chitin degraders from the prokaryotic rare biosphere of multiple marine biotopesPublication . Meunier, Laurence; Keller-Costa, Tina; Cannella, David; Gonçalves, Jorge Manuel Santos; Dechamps, Etienne; Marques, Matilde; Costa, Rodrigo; George, Isabelle F.Biological of chitin-degrading microbial communities change across marine biotopes, but efforts to isolate chitin degraders within these communities in the laboratory have seldom been attempted. We characterized the prokaryotic communities associated with the marine sponge Sarcotragus spinosulus, the octocoral Eunicella labiata, and their surrounding sediment and seawater and applied an artificial selection procedure to enrich bacterial consortia capable of degrading chitin from the abovementioned biotopes. Throughout the procedure, chitin degradation was monitored, and the taxonomic composition was studied along four successive enrichment cultures from each biotope. Results The naturally occurring prokaryotic communities of the two host species (Sarcotragus spinosulus and Eunicella labiata) were distinct from each other and from those of seawater and sediments, even though they were co-inhabiting the same geographic area. We found that low-abundance bacteria from the rare biosphere were recruited in the enrichment cultures from all biotopes, while dominant bacterial symbionts likely to play a role in chitin degradation within marine sponges and octocorals remained “unculturable” under our experimental conditions. Well-known chitin degraders such as Vibrio, Pseudoalteromonas and Aquimarina, as well as other taxa not known or poorly known for their role(s) in chitin degradation such as Aureivirga, Halodesulfovibrio, Motilimonas, Muricauda, Psychromonas, Poseidonibacter, Reichenbachiella, and Thalassotalea, among others, were enriched using our artificial selection approach. Distinct chitin-degrading consortia were enriched from each marine biotope, highlighting the feasibility of this approach in fostering the discovery of novel microorganisms and enzymes involved in chitin degradation pathways of relevance in applied biotechnology. Conclusion This study unveils distinct bacterial consortia possessing moderate to high efficiency at degrading chitin. They were composed of a mix of known chitin degraders, known chitin utilizers and many taxa poorly or not yet known for their role(s) in chitin degradation such as Aureivirga, Psychromonas, Motilimonas, Reichenbachiella, or Halodesulfovibrio. The latter taxa are potential key players in marine chitin degradation whose study could lead to the discovery of novel enzyme variants able to degrade chitin and its derivatives.
- Environmental DNA as a complementary tool for monitoring fish assemblages in coastal lagoons: Insights for conservationPublication . Fernandez, Sara; Monteiro, Pedro; Garcia-Vazquez, Eva; Gonçalves, Jorge Manuel Santos; Erzini, KarimFor their scarcity, invasive species in early invasion stages and endangered species are often difficult to detect compromising both conservation and ecosystem protection. Here environmental DNA (eDNA) was compared with beach seining for monitoring fish diversity in the protected Natural Park Ria Formosa lagoon (Portugal). Surface water for eDNA extraction was collected before sampling a mean of 1400m2 from ten diverse shallow water habitats with a 25 m beach seine. Fragments of the 12S rRNA and COI mitochondrial genes were PCRamplified and taxonomy was assigned to amplicon sequence variants. Sampling with the beach seine resulted in the identification of 33 species and 4 genera while 28 species were identified based on eDNA, with 18 taxa in common. Greater taxonomic resolution at a species level was possible with eDNA. While the majority of species detected with both methods were of least concern according to IUCN criteria, eDNA detected one invasive (the weakfish Cynoscion regalis with 12S marker) and two critically endangered species (the ray Aetomylaeus bovinus with 12S and the eel Anguilla anguilla with COI marker), none of which were caught by beach seining. C. regalis is a threat in Portuguese waters and should be surveyed in Ria Formosa. The results highlight the usefulness of eDNA as a cost-effective complementary method to traditional monitoring, especially for rare species. Based on these results, we recommend the use of eDNA with multiple markers in surface and bottom water samples in long-term monitoring programmes, to enhance the detection of rare, elusive species in coastal lagoons.
- Glowing hazards: toxicological effects of festive glowsticksPublication . Paixão, Pedro Henrique; Santana, Felipe Teixeira; Guimarães, Murilo Vieira; Castro, João Vitor de; Pereira, Vinicius Gonçalves; Prieto, Camila; Oliveira, Lilly Cristine Cunha De; Soares, Vitória Nogueira; Oliveira, Otto Müller Patrão de; Ribeiro, Caio CesarThe widespread use and improper disposal of glowsticks (GS), especially during coastal festivities and in industrial fishing, raise ecotoxicological concerns for marine ecosystems. These devices contain complex chemical mixtures, including oxalate esters, hydrogen peroxide, phthalates, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), many of which can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cause toxic effects. This study assessed the acute toxicity of four GS colors (green, red, yellow, and blue) using embryo-larval development and mortality assays on three marine invertebrates: the sea urchin Echinometra lucunter, the sand dollar Mellita quinquiesperforata, and the brine shrimp Artemia salina. All colors caused developmental or lethal effects, with green GS consistently showing the highest toxicity. In E. lucunter, green GS fully inhibited larval development at all tested concentrations; EC50 values for yellow, red, and blue were 0.00072, 0.00877, and 0.02156 mL⋅L− 1 , respectively. For M. quinquiesperforata, EC50s were 0.00538 (green), 0.05471 (red), and 0.0000732 mL⋅L− 1 (blue); yellow GS caused total mortality, precluding EC50 determination. In A. salina, LC50s were 0.00410 (yellow), 0.00583 (blue), and 0.01193 mL⋅L− 1 (red); green GS had a NOEC of 0.0001 and LOEC of 0.001 mL⋅L− 1 , with no definable LC50. Results revealed species- and color-dependent sensitivity, implicating dye composition as a key toxicity driver. This is the first report of GS-derived toxicity in sand dollars and the first to provide comparative profiles across marine taxa. Findings highlight the need for regulation and environmental oversight of chemiluminescent product disposal.
- Phytochemicals and bioactivities of the halophyte sea mayweed (Tripleurospermum maritimum L.)Publication . Lemoine, Clément; Rodrigues, Maria João; Dauvergne, Xavier; Cérantola, Stéphane; Custódio, Luísa; Magné, ChristianSea mayweed (Tripleurospermum maritimum L. syn. Matricaria maritima) is a halophytic species widely distributed along the Atlantic shoreline. Unlike other Tripleurospermum species, the chemical composition and biological activities of this halophyte have received no attention. Here, a hydroalcoholic extract of sea mayweed leaves was evaluated for in vitro antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP bioassays), anti-inflammatory (NO reduction in RAW 264.7 macrophages), anti-diabetic (alpha-glucosidase inhibition), neuroprotective (inhibition of acetylcholinesterase), and skin protective (tyrosinase, melanogenesis, elastase, and collagenase inhibition) activities. Solid–liquid partition chromatography of the extract and NMR characterization of its fractions allowed the identification of some major compounds, including fructo-oligosaccharides in the MeOH20% fraction, a new carbohydrate called tripleurospermine (1), 3-5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (2) in the MeOH40% fraction, and matricaria lactone (3) in the MeOH80% fraction. MeOH40 fraction exhibited strong antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase (thus skin-whitening potential), and anti-glycosidase activities (anti-diabetic potential), whereas MeOH80% fraction showed anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic potential. Overall, our results suggest that sea mayweed may have dietary or medicinal uses due to its biochemical composition and bioactivities.
- Successive harvesting interval and salinity level modulate biomass production and nutritional value in sarcocornia fruticosa and arthrocaulon macrostachyumPublication . Sisay, Tesfaye Asmare; Patel, Jaykumar; Khatri, Kusum; Choudhary, Babita; Standing, Dominic; Nja, Zai Du; Shpigel, Muki; Gelfand, Ilya; Custódio, Luísa; Sagi, MosheHalophyte bio-saline agriculture can supplement conventional farm methods in salinized soils and salty water. The current study compares the yield and nutritional value of new Sarcocornia fruticosa ecotypes (Shikmona, Megadim, Naaman, and Ruhama) to those of the current ecotype (VM). Additionally, Arthrocaulon macrostachyum, phenotypically similar to Sarcocornia, was compared to Sarcocornia ecotypes, and the effects of the harvesting regime and irrigation water salinity on yield and nutritional value were studied. At both salinity levels (50 and 150 mM NaCl), 30-day harvesting intervals over a 210-day growth period increased plant yield compared to a 21-day regime. It also tended to improve electrical conductivity (EC) and total soluble sugars (TSS), lower malondialdehyde levels (a marker of toxic stress), and enhance radical inhibition activity in most ecotypes. Compared to VM, the Sarcocornia ecotypes Ruh and Naa exhibited much higher biomass with similar radical inhibition activity but lower total protein content. Higher salinity improved fresh biomass, shoot diameter, relative water content, chlorophyll level, TSS, and EC and tended to increase anthocyanin and carotenoid levels. In contrast, lower salinity tended to increase total flavonoids, polyphenols, and radical inhibition activity. In the 30-day harvest regime, A. macrostachyum exhibited the highest and second-highest yields at high and low salinity, respectively; the highest shoot diameter, total flavonoids, and radical inhibition activity; and one of the lowest malondialdehyde levels. The current study highlights the importance of optimizing harvest frequency and the advantages of employing A. macrostachyum and the Sarcocornia ecotypes Ruhama, Naaman, and Megadim with a 30-day harvesting regime under higher-salinity conditions.
- Collaborative bottom-up trust missions: a perspective on long-term strategies with and for people and naturePublication . Pelegrí, Josep L.; Bojanić, Natalia; Whyte, David; Pinto, Patrícia; Annasawmy, Pavanee; Burgues, Itziar; Bušelić, Ivana; Carbajal, Maria Elena; Fuster, Noemí; Giannoukakou-Leontsini, Ifigeneia; Hasler-Sheetal, Harald; Kaberi, Helen; Knigge, Thomas; Leitão, Francisco; Olivé, Irene; Palma, Jorge; Platzgummer, Emmanuelle; Quintana, Cintia O.; Simon, Carine; Tomaš, Ana VrdoljakThe environmental and climate crises are linked to rising global inequity. Because of its centrality in the living Earth, the Ocean represents a unique opportunity to restore equity, engaging society through harmony with Nature. The United Nation's Ocean Decade and European Union's Mission Ocean and Waters recognize this centrality, but have focused on top-down actions. Here, we advocate for collaborative Trust Missions, aimed at empowering citizens through networking and bottom-up transformative actions.
- Unanticipated reactivity toward nucleophilic attack in the synthesis of saccharyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl conjugates: structure and mechanistic insightsPublication . Guerreiro, Bruno; Carvalho, Daniel F.; Coelho, Jaime A. S.; Frija, Luís M. T.; Paixão, José A.; Cristiano, Maria de LurdesAlong with the synthetic process optimization of 3- [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl)sulfanyl]-1,2-benzothiazole 1,1- dioxide (MTSB), a selective copper chelator with potential interest in cancer chemotherapy, the unprecedented isolation of a novel compound, 3-(1,1-dioxidobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)-5-methyl-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2(3H)-thione (BMTT), evidenced an unexpected reactivity of the starting 5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol. To shed light into the reaction mechanisms, quantum chemical calculations were conducted at the M06-2X/def2-TZVPP/PCM- (THF)//M06-2X/6-31++G(d,p) level of theory. The results conjecture the formation of BMTT from nucleophilic attack of the nitrogen at position 3 of the thiadiazole ring, involved in an Sto-N delocalized thiadiazole-2-thiolate structure, which is thermodynamically more favorable in the presence of Na+ . Experimental assays refute a plausible concerted 1,3-sigmatropic S- to Nrearrangement of MTSB that would lead to BMTT. Hence, contradicting the nucleophilicity indices of sulfur (from thiol) and nitrogen atoms of 5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, it is believed that an exotic nucleophilic attack by the nitrogen at 3-position of this reagent to the sp2 carbon in position 3 of pseudo-saccharyl chloride should take place. Besides, the crystal structures of the MTSB and BMTT hybrids were investigated in detail by X-ray crystallography.
- Functional algal feeds for aquaculture: micro- and macroalgae promote gut recovery in gilthead seabreamPublication . García-Gallego, Ibon; Aragão, Cláudia; Teodósio, Rita; Fachadas Gato Coelho Gonçalves, Ana Teresa; Engrola, SofiaGut health is essential for optimal growth, immune function, and robustness in aquaculture. This study evaluated the potential of dietary supplementation with micro- and macroalgae to promote intestinal recovery following an insult. Four experimental diets were formulated for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles (176 } 0.32 g): a control commercial-like diet (CTRL), and the same diet supplemented with either microalgae (Phaeodactylum tricornutum; PHA) or macroalgae (Gracilaria gracilis; GRA) at 2.5%, or a 5% blend of both (50:50; BLEND). To induce an intestinal insult, fish from each dietary group were assisted-fed with gelatine capsules containing soy saponins (CTRL + S, PHA, GRA, BLEND), while control fish received empty capsules (CTRL). After 72 h, CTRL and CTRL + S groups were fed the control diet, while PHA, GRA, and BLEND received their respective algaesupplemented diets. After 20 days, CTRL + S fish had significantly increased mucus cell numbers and submucosal cellular infiltration compared to CTRL fish, indicating intestinal disruption. PHA diet significantly upregulated igm, il10, and gpx. Fish fed GRA displayed a significant increase in mucosal vacuolation. BLEND diet showed synergistic effects, significantly upregulating il1b and pcna and reducing ALP activity. These results highlight the potential of combining micro- and macroalgae compounds to enhance gut recovery and immune activation.
- Genome divergence between European anchovy ecotypes fuelled by structural variants originating from trans-equatorial admixturePublication . Meyer, Laura; Barry, Pierre; Moan, Alan Le; Arbiol, Christine; Castilho, Rita; Lingen, Carl Van der; Chlaïda, Malika; McKeown, Niall; Ernande, Bruno; Bonhomme, François; Gagnaire, Pierre-Alexandre; Guinand, BrunoThe formation of ecotypes is driven by evolutionary mechanisms that reduce gene flow through complex interactions among ecological, historical and genomic factors. In the European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), marine and coastal ecotypes have been identified in the northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea, yet the genomic basis of their divergence remains unclear. Here, we present the first genome-scale analysis of this species complex, integrating whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and RAD-seq data from populations spanning its distribution range. In addition to the known marine and coastal ecotypes, we identify a previously undetected lineage extending from southern Morocco, through the Canary Islands, to South Africa. This southern Atlantic lineage exhibits a gradient of admixture with northern populations near the Atlantic–Mediterranean transition zone. Genomic differentiation landscapes reveal large regions of high linkage disequilibrium, probably corresponding to 13 structural variants (SVs) segregating within or between lineages. Notably, three of the six SVs contributing to the gene flow barrier between northern ecotypes originated in the southern lineage, supporting a partially shared evolutionary history between the coastal ecotype and the southern lineage. This study highlights how SVs that arose in geographically isolated lineages can act as key genetic elements in ecotype formation, reinforcing reproductive isolation through distinct evolutionary pathways.