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Sex‐linked differentiation in commercially exploited fishes: rethinking population structure in dynamic marine environments

2025-10Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorGardiner, Courtney E. C.
dc.contributor.authorHeyden, Sophie von der
dc.contributor.authorMatthee, Conrad A.
dc.contributor.authorNielsen, Einar E.
dc.contributor.authorPujolar, José M.
dc.contributor.authorRobalo, Joana I.
dc.contributor.authorCastilho, Rita
dc.contributor.authorLopes da Cunha, Regina
dc.contributor.authorDurholtz, Deon
dc.contributor.authorFairweather, Tracey P.
dc.contributor.authorKathena, Johannes N.
dc.contributor.authorHenriques, Romina
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-10T13:20:11Z
dc.date.available2025-12-10T13:20:11Z
dc.date.issued2025-10
dc.description.abstractUnderstanding how genomic structure links with ecological and evolutionary processes is critical for forecasting species responses to dynamic marine environments, especially in commercially exploited marine species, where fishing pressure can impact genomic integrity. Here we investigate Merluccius paradoxus, a commercially exploited demersal fish that appears to be undergoing a range expansion along the southern African coastline. Using whole-genome sequence data of individuals from across the species' distribution (n=37), we reveal that sex-linked divergence, rather than geography, is the principal driver of genomic variation, challenging conventional assumptions of regional geographic population structure. Divergence was concentrated on autosomal regions (primarily large regions on Chromosomes 1 and 2), rather than known sex-determining (SD) regions (Chromosome 9), and did not have structural variants or extended linkage disequilibrium (LD). Instead, patterns were consistent with sex-specific directional selection acting on genes enriched for neuronal function, metabolism and muscle development, traits that are likely linked to behaviour, physiology and environmental tolerance. Males had reduced nucleotide diversity (π), low observed heterozygosity (Ho ) and longer runs of homozygosity (ROH) in these regions, suggesting recent selective sweeps or a reduced effective population size (Ne ). Together with spatial differences in sex distribution and genomic diversity metrics, results suggest that males and females may differ in both range dynamics and adaptive potential. As M. paradoxus continues to shift its distribution across geo-political boundaries, sex-biased adaptation may have important consequences for reproductive output, resilience and sustainable fisheries management under a changing climate. This study highlights the need to incorporate sex-linked genomic variation into conservation planning, particularly in transboundary systems vulnerable to cumulative pressures of fishing and environmental change.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipMARE/UIDB/MAR/04292; MARE/UIDP/04292;
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/gcb.70556
dc.identifier.eissn1365-2486
dc.identifier.issn1354-1013
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/27939
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relationAquatic Research Infrastructure Network
dc.relationAlgarve Centre for Marine Sciences
dc.relationAlgarve Centre for Marine Sciences
dc.relationCentre for Marine and Environmental Research
dc.relation.ispartofGlobal Change Biology
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectFisheries management
dc.subjectLocal adaptation
dc.subjectMarine genomics
dc.subjectMerluccius paradoxus
dc.subjectPopulation genomics
dc.subjectSoutheastern Atlantic
dc.subjectWholegenome sequencing
dc.titleSex‐linked differentiation in commercially exploited fishes: rethinking population structure in dynamic marine environmentseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleAquatic Research Infrastructure Network
oaire.awardTitleAlgarve Centre for Marine Sciences
oaire.awardTitleAlgarve Centre for Marine Sciences
oaire.awardTitleCentre for Marine and Environmental Research
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0069%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F04326%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F04326%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0101%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.issue10
oaire.citation.titleGlobal Change Biology
oaire.citation.volume31
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameCastilho
person.familyNameLopes da Cunha
person.givenNameRita
person.givenNameRegina
person.identifier452212
person.identifier.ciencia-id0513-0407-A6C1
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0727-3688
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4275-9723
person.identifier.ridB-6185-2008
person.identifier.ridM-3463-2013
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56271196600
person.identifier.scopus-author-id8855869800
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
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project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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