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Quantifying small-molecule association with lipid membranes: Methods, models, and limitations

datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
datacite.subject.sdg04:Educação de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorMoreno, Maria João
dc.contributor.authorCordeiro, Margarida M.
dc.contributor.authorFilipe, Hugo A. L.
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Alexandre C.
dc.contributor.authorPires, Cristiana L.
dc.contributor.authorRamos, Cristiana V.
dc.contributor.authorSamelo, Jaime
dc.contributor.authorMartins, Jorge
dc.contributor.authorLoura, Luís M. S.
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-02T12:35:55Z
dc.date.available2026-07-02T12:35:55Z
dc.date.issued2026-06-26
dc.description.abstractThe association of small molecules with lipid membranes plays a central role in drug delivery, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and membrane biophysics, also being of fundamental importance in drug pharmacodynamics given that most drug targets are membrane-associated proteins. Accurate determination of solute–membrane association affinities, however, remains challenging due to the diversity of experimental systems, the complexity of membrane environments, and the intrinsic limitations of individual methodologies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the experimental and computational approaches currently used to quantify small molecule association with lipid membranes. Standard experimental techniques, including spectroscopy-based methods, calorimetry, electrophoretic measurements, and surface-sensitive approaches, are discussed alongside established computational strategies ranging from continuum models to atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Particular emphasis is placed on the formalisms required for data analysis, including partitioning models and thermodynamic frameworks, as well as on the assumptions underlying each method. The validity limits, sources of uncertainty, and common experimental and interpretative pitfalls are critically examined. By providing a unified and comparative perspective, this work establishes a structured framework for the quantitative study of solute–membrane interactions, guiding new researchers in the selection of appropriate methodologies and in the rigorous analysis of experimental and computational results. Moreover, it enables the consistent and quantitative rationalization of affinity parameters reported across the literature, supporting the development of curated datasets and predictive relationships that can inform the design of new and more effective drugs.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipUID/PRR/00313/2025; IN1511-COMPETE2023-FEDER00834200_DrugPPerm; SFRH/BD/120934/2016; UID/06407/2025; UID/PRR/06407/2025, and UID/PRR2/06407/2025
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/membranes16070218
dc.identifier.issn2077-0375
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/29199
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationInstitute of Molecular Sciences
dc.relation.ispartofMembranes
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectBiomembranes
dc.subjectPartition coefficient
dc.subjectDrug–membrane association
dc.subjectDrug design
dc.titleQuantifying small-molecule association with lipid membranes: Methods, models, and limitationseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberLA/P/0056/2020
oaire.awardTitleInstitute of Molecular Sciences
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0056%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.issue7
oaire.citation.startPage218
oaire.citation.titleMembranes
oaire.citation.volume16
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameMartins
person.givenNameJorge
person.identifier.ciencia-id8516-F285-FB5D
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5460-1969
person.identifier.ridM-6234-2013
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7201798828
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
relation.isAuthorOfPublication1671e2f3-b61c-426e-8d31-0ebb770673ad
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery1671e2f3-b61c-426e-8d31-0ebb770673ad
relation.isProjectOfPublicationd53ccdb3-ac58-4a26-8444-4b0ccd9621bc
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryd53ccdb3-ac58-4a26-8444-4b0ccd9621bc

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