dc.contributor.author	Stevens, Jonathan
dc.contributor.author	Ermakov, Alexander
dc.contributor.author	Bragança, José
dc.contributor.author	Hilton, Helen
dc.contributor.author	Underhill, Peter
dc.contributor.author	Bhattacharya, Shoumo
dc.contributor.author	Brown, Nigel A.
dc.contributor.author	Norris, Dominic P.
dc.date.accessioned	2012-02-29T23:39:13Z
dc.date.available	2012-02-29T23:39:13Z
dc.date.issued	2010-05-20
dc.date.updated	2012-02-28T08:06:57Z
dc.description.abstract	Abstract Background Vertebrates show clear asymmetry in left-right (L-R) patterning of their organs and associated vasculature. During mammalian development a cilia driven leftwards flow of liquid leads to the left-sided expression of Nodal, which in turn activates asymmetric expression of the transcription factor Pitx2. While Pitx2 asymmetry drives many aspects of asymmetric morphogenesis, it is clear from published data that additional asymmetrically expressed loci must exist. Results A L-R expression screen identified the cytoskeletally-associated gene, actin binding lim protein 1 (Ablim1), as asymmetrically expressed in both the node and left lateral plate mesoderm (LPM). LPM expression closely mirrors that of Nodal. Significantly, Ablim1 LPM asymmetry was detected in the absence of detectable Nodal. In the node, Ablim1 was initially expressed symmetrically across the entire structure, resolving to give a peri-nodal ring at the headfold stage in a flow and Pkd2-dependent manner. The peri-nodal ring of Ablim1 expression became asymmetric by the mid-headfold stage, showing stronger right than left-sided expression. Node asymmetry became more apparent as development proceeded; expression retreated in an anticlockwise direction, disappearing first from the left anterior node. Indeed, at early somite stages Ablim1 shows a unique asymmetric expression pattern, in the left lateral plate and to the right side of the node. Conclusion Left LPM Ablim1 is expressed in the absence of detectable LPM Nodal, clearly revealing existence of a Pitx2 and Nodal-independent left-sided signal in mammals. At the node, a previously unrecognised action of early nodal flow and Pkd2 activity, within the pit of the node, influences gene expression in a symmetric manner. Subsequent Ablim1 expression in the peri-nodal ring reveals a very early indication of L-R asymmetry. Ablim1 expression analysis at the node acts as an indicator of nodal flow. Together these results make Ablim1 a candidate for controlling aspects of L-R identity and patterning.	por
dc.description.version	Peer Reviewed
dc.identifier.citation	BMC Developmental Biology. 2010 May 20;10(1):54	por
dc.identifier.doi	http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-213X-10-54
dc.identifier.other	AUT: JEB02317;
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/918
dc.language.iso	eng	por
dc.language.rfc3066	eng
dc.peerreviewed	yes	por
dc.rights.holder	Stevens et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
dc.title	Analysis of the asymmetrically expressed Ablim1 locus reveals existence of a lateral plate Nodal-independent left sided signal and an early, left-right independent role for nodal flow	por
dc.type	journal article
dspace.entity.type	Publication
person.familyName	Bragança
person.givenName	José
person.identifier.ciencia-id	AC1D-FA9D-F66F
person.identifier.orcid	0000-0001-9566-400X
person.identifier.scopus-author-id	6602220001
rcaap.rights	openAccess	por
rcaap.type	article	por
relation.isAuthorOfPublication	27334e02-e955-4939-b9b5-bdee5b5f9328
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery	27334e02-e955-4939-b9b5-bdee5b5f9328

Analysis of the asymmetrically expressed Ablim1 locus reveals existence of a lateral plate Nodal-independent left sided signal and an early, left-right independent role for nodal flow

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