Postprandial glycaemia in type-2 diabetes: A non-random trial according to glucose control

Pinto, Ezequiel; Braz, Nídia; Nascimento, Tânia; Gomes, Eurico

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/10296

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Introduction: Postprandial glycaemia contributes significantly to the overall glycaemic control and is a risk factor for cardiovascular complications in type-2 diabetes patients. As patients with good glycaemic control can show elevated postprandial hyperglycaemia, especially after breakfast, the study of glucose response after this meal can provide insight that will help nutrition intervention and treatment. Methods: A group of 66 patients previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus was recruited and categorized into patients with HbA1c below 7% (proper glycaemic control) and patients with HbA1c of 7% or above (poor glycaemic control). All subjects were interviewed and offered a nutritionally controlled breakfast. Glucose response was monitored for 120 minutes after the meal. Results: There are no significant differences in postprandial glycaemia between patients with adequate glycaemic control and those with poor glycaemic control, up to 120 minutes after breakfast. The reported prevalence of self-monitoring of blood glucose is low. Mean differences between pre-prandial and postprandial glucose were not correlated with body mass index, age at diagnosis, diabetes duration, HbA1c, energy or carbohydrate intake. Conclusions: Patients which are considered as having a proper glucose control may be unaware that they exceed the recommended rise in postprandial glycaemia. Meal plans should take into account the need to regulate postprandial glycaemia and patients should be empowered to overcome their low prevalence of glucose self-measure.